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Stammzellbasierte Ansätze zur Therapie von Innenohrerkrankungen

Stem-cell-based approaches for treating inner ear diseases

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Zusammenfassung

Das große Potenzial von Stammzellen zur Regeneration verlorener Gewebezellen wird zunehmend in allen Fachbereichen der modernen Medizin erkannt. Abgesehen von Blutstammzellen haben Stammzellen aber noch nicht Einzug in klinische Therapieformen gehalten. Die heutigen Experimente mit Stammzellen für die Therapie von Innenohrerkrankungen sind im Bereich der Grundlagenforschung anzusiedeln. Mehrere vielversprechende Arbeiten haben bewiesen, dass morphologisch und immunologisch differenzierbare Innenohrzellen wie Haarzellen, Stützzellen und auditorische Nervenzellen, in vitro und in vivo aus verschiedenen Stammzelltypen generiert werden können. Bisher haben aber noch keine Studien funktionelle Resultate in Bezug auf das Hörvermögen oder die vestibuläre Funktion geliefert.

Abstract

The capacity of stem cells to regenerate lost tissue cells has gained recognition among physicians. Despite the successful use of blood stem cells for treating blood cancers, other stem cell types have not yet been widely introduced into clinical practice. Therapy options involving stem cells for inner ear diseases consequently have not been implemented. Nonetheless, several reports have recently been published describing the generation of morphologically and immunologically distinctive inner ear cell types—such as hair cells, supporting cells, and spiral ganglion neurons—from stem cells. Although promising, all of these studies still lack functional results regarding hearing restoration or vestibular function.

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Danksagung

Die Autoren danken Herrn Dr. Christian Grimm, Stanford University, für die Vorlage der Abb. 1 (Evolution der Hörhilfen), Frau Claudine Howald und Herrn Willi R. Hess, beide Universität Bern, für die professionelle Ausarbeitung der Abbildungen.

Interessenkonflikt

Die korrespondierenden Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitätsklinik für Hals- Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Schweiz

    P. Senn

  2. Departments of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford, USA

    S. Heller

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  1. P. Senn
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  2. S. Heller
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Correspondence to P. Senn.

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Korrespondenzadresse

Prof. Dr. S. Heller

Departments of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery and Molecular and Cellular Physiology

Stanford University School of Medicine

801 Welch Road

Stanford, CA 94305–5739, USA

hellers@stanford.edu

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Senn, P., Heller, S. Stammzellbasierte Ansätze zur Therapie von Innenohrerkrankungen. HNO 56, 21–26 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-007-1652-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-007-1652-3

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