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Tonfrequenzevozierte Potenziale

Optimierung von Reizpolarität, Reizrate, Reizdauer, Notched-Noise-Pegel und Ermittlung von Potenzialschwellen bei normalhörigen Probanden

Frequency specific auditory evoked responses

Experiments on stimulus polarity, sweep frequency, stimulus duration, notched-noise masking level, and threshold estimation in volunteers with normal hearing

  • Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie
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Zusammenfassung

Die Ableitung tonfrequenzevozierter Potenziale mit Notched-Noise-Maskierung wird zur frequenzspezifischen Schätzung von Hörschwellen verwendet. Zur Konfiguration hinsichtlich Reizpolarität, -rate, -dauer und Pegelverhältnis zwischen Sinuston und Notched-Noise sind nur wenige Arbeiten bekannt, besonders auch hinsichtlich einer Prüffrequenz 0,25 kHz. Deshalb wurde ein hierarchisch aufgebauter Versuchsplan zur Reizpolarität, Reizrate, Reizdauer und Notched-Noise-Maskierung entwickelt. Ziel war es, Mittelungsamplituden und Kurvenkorrelation bei gleichzeitig möglichst kurzer Messzeit zu optimieren. Der Versuchsplan wurde an hörgesunden Probanden (n=29) im Alter von 20–41 Jahren angewendet. Es stellte sich heraus, dass eine alternierende Reizpolarität mit einer Reizrate von 43,5/s die höchsten Amplituden (0,2–0,4 mV) und Kurvenkorrelationen (0,49–0,91) evozierten. Außerdem zeigte sich, dass Reizdauer und Notched-Noise-Pegel prüffrequenzbezogen eingestellt werden sollten (Reizdauer 0,25 kHz: 4 ms, 0,5 Hz: 2 ms, 1–4 kHz: 1 ms, Notched-Noise-Pegel 0,25–0,5 kHz: +10 dB, 1–4 kHz: ±0 dB). Die an den untersuchten normalhörigen Probanden gefundenen Potenzialschwellen wichen zu 93% nicht mehr als ±5 dB von den psychoakustischen Schwellen ab. Weitere Untersuchungen müssen die Abweichungen an schwerhörigen Individuen ermitteln.

Abstract

Auditory evoked responses to tone-pips in notched-noise provide frequency specific estimations of thresholds. Most often, test frequencies are 0.5–4 kHz. Thresholds are expected to match with a high degree to behavioral thresholds. However, only few studies are available containing data on stimulus and averaging parameters, especially at a test frequency of 0.25 kHz. In order to find “optimal” parameters for a widely used device (Nicolet Spirit Version 1.6), we designed five experiments on stimulus polarity (Exp.I), sweep frequency (Exp.II), stimulus duration (Exp.III), notched noise level (Exp.IV), and threshold estimation (Exp.V). The experiments also included a low test frequency of 0.25 kHz. These experiments were applied to 29 healthy volunteers (n=29, aged 20–41 years with normal hearing and no history of illness of the ear). We found that alternating stimulus polarity and a sweep frequency of 43.5/s evoked responses that were highest with respect to amplitudes (0.2–0.4 mV) and correlations (0.49–0.91). A novel finding of the study was that the highest amplitudes and correlations could be achieved if stimulus durations and notched-noise-levels were specifically adjusted to the test frequencies (stimulus durations 0.25 kHz: 4 ms, 0.5 Hz: 2 ms, 1–4 kHz: 1 ms, notched-noise-levels 0.25–0.5 Hz: +10 dB, 1–4 kHz: ±0 dB). Deviations from behavioral thresholds did not exceed ±5 dB in 93% of the measures. The results indicate that frequency specific auditory evoked responses provide reliable threshold estimations. Future experiments are required to confirm the threshold deviations for hard of hearing individuals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (in der HNO-Klinik), Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein—Campus Lübeck

    R. Schönweiler

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderkardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster

    A. Neumann

  3. Klinik und Poliklinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

    M. Ptok

  4. Abteilung für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (in der Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten) Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein—Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck

    R. Schönweiler

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Correspondence to R. Schönweiler.

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Schönweiler, R., Neumann, A. & Ptok, M. Tonfrequenzevozierte Potenziale. HNO 53, 983–994 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-004-1187-9

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