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Klinische Formen der Akne

Clinical variants of acne

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Die Akne ist eine sehr häufige Dermatose mit charakteristischen klinischen Merkmalen. Es handelt sich um eine polymorphe Erkrankung. Die klinischen Erscheinungsformen reichen von nichtentzündlichen geschlossenen und offenen Komedonen zu entzündlichen Papeln, Pusteln und Knoten. Bei den meisten Patienten sind mit unterschiedlicher Gewichtung sowohl nichtentzündliche als auch entzündliche Veränderungen vorhanden. Die Akne variiert in ihrem Schweregrad von einer sehr ausgeprägten, sozial isolierenden Erkrankung bis zu einer Manifestationsform, die von manchen Autoren als physiologisch bezeichnet wird. Die schwersten Formen der Akne sind die Acne fulminans und Acne inversa. Die Akne kommt zwar in allen Altersgruppen vor, sie ist jedoch am häufigsten während der Adoleszenz anzutreffen. Es ist nicht bekannt, warum sich die Akne bei den meisten Patienten zurückbildet und bei einem Teil der Patienten in das Erwachsenenalter persistiert. Bestimmte Medikamente können zur Provokation, Unterhaltung oder Exazerbation einer bestehenden Akne oder zu einem akneiformen Exanthem führen. Akneartige Dermatosen umfassen Rosazea, Pseudofolliculitis barbae und andere Erkrankungen, die klinisch Ähnlichkeit mit der Akne aufweisen.

Abstract

Acne is a very common dermatosis with characteristic clinical features. It is a polymorphic disease. The clinical expression ranges from non-inflammatory closed and open comedones to inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules. Most patients have a mixture of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions, although some have predominantly one or the other. Acne varies in severity from a very distressing, socially disabling disorder to a state that has been regarded as physiological by some authors. The most severe forms of acne are acne fulminans and acne inversa. Although acne may occur in all age groups, it is most prevalent during adolescence. It is not known why acne subsides in most patients but persists into adulthood in some. Certain medications may be associated with provocation, perpetuation, or exacerbation of pre-existing acne or with acneiform eruptions. Acne-like disorders include rosacea, pseudofolliculitis barbae, and other conditions that share clinical features with acne.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie der Universität Essen

    T. Jansen & S. Grabbe

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    G. Plewig

  3. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universität Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122 , Essen

    T. Jansen

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Jansen, T., Grabbe, S. & Plewig, G. Klinische Formen der Akne. Hautarzt 56, 1018–1026 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-005-1031-5

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