Zusammenfassung
Wechselwirkungen zwischen kleinmolekularen Substanzen und Zellen der Haut führen zu Reaktionen mit verschiedenen Proteinen, die dem Transport dieser Substanzen wie auch ihrer Metabolisierung dienen. Da durch einfache Diffusion nur in den seltensten Fällen Xenobiotika in pharmakologisch relevanten Mengen in Zellen eindringen können, ist der Befund eines differenten Musters von Influxtransportern in Keratinozyten im Vergleich zu Leberzellen besonders interessant. Werden die der Entgiftung geltenden Reaktionen vor allem in Keratinozyten überfordert, können daraus Erkrankungen resultieren. Beispielhaft werden Befunde zur Sensibilisierung durch Duftstoffe und p-Phenylendiamin aufgeführt. Kenntnisse über den kutanen Metabolismus kleinmolekularer Substanzen sind aber auch Voraussetzung für therapeutische Strategien, wie das Beispiel der photodynamischen Therapie mit Vorstufen der Porphyrinsynthese zeigt.
Abstract
Interactions between low molecular weight compounds with cells of the skin result in reactions with different proteins which enable the uptake, metabolism and efflux of these compounds. It is unlikely, that small molecular weight compounds can achieve pharmacological concentrations within cells by diffusion alone. The pattern of influx proteins of keratinocytes is different from that of hepatocytes. If the balance between these systems is disturbed, the skin may become unable to function as a protective organ which can result in diseases including cancer or—more frequently—allergic contact dermatitis. Recent investigations of the sensitization to fragrances and p-phenylenediamine are discussed. An improved understanding of the metabolism of low molecular weight compounds can lead to new therapeutic strategies. One example is the introduction of photodynamic therapy with topical applied porphyrin precursors.
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Merk, H.F., Baron, J.M. Die Wirkung kleinmolekularer Substanzen auf die menschliche Haut. Hautarzt 55, 1125–1129 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-004-0839-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-004-0839-8