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Inhalationsallergien am Arbeitsplatz

Aktuelle Entwicklungen

Workplace-related respiratory allergies

Current developments

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Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Nicht selten können Inhalationsallergene am Arbeitsplatz berufsbedingte Atemwegserkrankungen verursachen. Die auslösenden Stoffe sind jedoch sehr unterschiedlich. Auch sind die jeweils zugrunde liegenden Pathomechanismen noch nicht in jedem Fall eindeutig geklärt. Während einige berufsbedingte Allergene, wie zum Beispiel die Allergene aus Naturlatex und Weizenmehl, systematisch erforscht wurden, sind die atemwegssensibilisierenden Wirkungen vieler anderer Arbeitsstoffe zum Teil nur in Einzelfällen dokumentiert. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit werden Inhalationsallergene am Arbeitsplatz gemäß ihrer Herkunft in pflanzliche, tierische, mikrobielle und chemische Stoffe unterschieden und jeweils getrennt nach ihrem Vorkommen in den verschiedenen Berufsfeldern und Anwendungsgebieten dargestellt. Neuere Aspekte in der Diagnostik berufsbedingter allergischer Atemwegserkrankungen werden ebenso aufgezeigt wie gesetzliche Regelungen zur Prävention von Atemwegssensibilisierungen.

Abstract

It is common that the inhalation of occupational allergens induces occupational airway diseases, but the inducers are diverse and complex, and the pathomechanism of the disease is not clear in every case. Only few allergens have been studied in detail (e.g., wheat flour and natural rubber latex), and most of the occupational airway sensitizers have only been documented as case reports. This review describes occupational type I aeroallergens according to their source (plant, animal, microbial, and chemical) and workplace application area. New aspects on the diagnosis and legal preventive regulations for occupational allergic airway diseases are described.

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  1. Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Kompetenz-Zentrum Allergologie/Immunologie, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Deutschland

    M. Raulf-Heimsoth, V. van Kampen, S. Kespohl, I. Sander, R. Merget & T. Brüning

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  1. M. Raulf-Heimsoth
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  2. V. van Kampen
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  3. S. Kespohl
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Correspondence to M. Raulf-Heimsoth.

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Raulf-Heimsoth, M., van Kampen, V., Kespohl, S. et al. Inhalationsallergien am Arbeitsplatz. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 55, 363–372 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-011-1432-9

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