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Glykotoxine und Zellaktivierung

Neuere Erklärungsmodelle zum Mechanismus präventiv wirksamer Lebensstilmodifikationen

Glycotoxins and cellular dysfunction. A new mechanism for understanding the preventive effects of lifestyle modifications

  • Leitthema: Körper, Psyche, Spiritualität
  • Published:
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die AGE-RAGE-Interaktion ist ein kürzlich beschriebener möglicher pathogenetischer Mechanismus chronischer und inflam matorischer Erkrankungen wie Arterio sklerose, Diabetes mellitus oder Niereninsuffizienz. AGEs (advanced glycation end products) werden in einer Glykierungsreaktion von Zuckern mit Eiweißen und/oder Fetten aus der Nahrung in Abhängigkeit von der Zubereitungszeit, Zubereitungstemperatur und Sauerstoffverfügbarkeit gebildet. Im Körper akkumulieren sie in Geweben und Gefäßen. Die Bindung von AGEs an den AGE-Rezeptor (RAGE) auf der Oberfläche von Zellen induziert eine ausgeprägte inflammatorische Reaktion. Entsprechende Reaktionen werden auch durch andere Faktoren wie Rauchen und psychosozialen Stress hervor gerufen. Vor dem Hintergrund des AGE-RAGE-Modells finden präventiv wirksame Ernährungsformen wie Mittelmeerkost/vegetarische Frischkost, aber auch die günstigen Wirkungen von Kalorienrestriktion und therapeutischem Fasten eine Erklärung. Das gesundheitsfördernde Potenzial dieser Maßnahmen sollte in klinischen Studien weiter evaluiert werden.

Abstract

Recently the AGE-RAGE interaction was identified as a potential mechanism underlying chronic and inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and kidney disease. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the derivatives of glucose-protein or glucose-lipid reactions and are mainly generated from the diet (depending on intensity of heating, cooking time and oxygenation). Binding of AGEs or other ligands to the AGE receptor (RAGE) results in cellular activation, i.e. increased expression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. Diet-derived AGEs thus induce deleterious effects on tissues and the cardiovascular system. Recent research also found that other lifestyle factors are associated with pronounced inflammatory activation, e.g. psychosocial stress and smoking. In addition, each intake of meals is associated with proinflammatory cellular changes. The AGE-RAGE model and investigations of the underlying cellular mechanisms thus may lead to a better understanding of the health benefits of diets (Mediterranean diet, uncooked vegetarian diets), caloric restriction and intermittent fasting. The clinical impact of low-AGE diets and fasting and the interaction between stress and food intake should be further investigated in controlled trials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Innere Medizin, Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin, Kliniken Essen Mitte, Am Deimelsberg 34a, 45276, Essen, BRD

    A. Michalsen

  2. Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, BRD

    A. Bierhaus, P. P. Nawroth & G. J. Dobos

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  1. A. Michalsen
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  2. A. Bierhaus
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  3. P. P. Nawroth
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  4. G. J. Dobos
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Correspondence to A. Michalsen.

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Michalsen, A., Bierhaus, A., Nawroth, P.P. et al. Glykotoxine und Zellaktivierung. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 49, 773–779 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-006-0007-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-006-0007-7

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