Zusammenfassung
Es ist wissenschaftlich evident, dass die Anwesenheit eines Elternteils oder einer anderen Bezugsperson während der Narkoseeinleitung bei Kindern zu keiner Reduktion von Angst führt. Auch resultiert dies nicht in einer besseren Kooperation des Kindes. Trotzdem werden Anästhesisten immer häufiger mit dem Wunsch der Eltern konfrontiert, während der Narkoseeinleitung anwesend zu sein zu können, und in vielen Ländern ist dies tägliche Praxis. Im Folgenden wird ausgeführt, worauf sich diese Praxis stützt, welche Faktoren darüber hinaus relevant sein können, und warum die Anwesenheit eines Elternteils während der Narkoseeinleitung trotz eindeutiger Datenlage sinnvoll sein kann. Hinweise und Tipps, wie die Elternanwesenheit in der Klinik praktisch aussehen kann, finden sich am Ende des Beitrags.
Abstract
There is a high level of evidence that parental presence during induction of anesthesia in children does not lead to a reduction of fear and better cooperation of the child. However, pediatric anesthetists often encounter the request of parents to be present during the induction of anesthesia which is current practice in many countries. This article explains the grounds and the premises for this practice and describes those factors which might be important to support parental presence during induction of anesthesia in children. Some practical advice and tips on how parental presence in the clinic can be practically implemented are given at the end of the article.
Literatur
Aktionskomitee KIND IM KRANKENHAUS, AKIK-Bundesverband e. V. http://www.akik.de/index.php/fuer-eltern/each-erlaeuterungen.html. Zugegriffen: 25. Jan. 2014
Ryder IG, Spargo PM (1991) Parents in the anaesthetic room. A questionnaire survey of parents‘ reactions. Anaesthesia 46:977–979
Hannallah RS (1994) Who benefits when parents are present during anaesthesia induction in their children? Can J Anaesth 41:271–275
Kain ZN (1995) Parental presence during induction of anaesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 5:209–212
Lerman J (2000) Anxiolysis – by the parent or for the parent? Anesthesiology 92:925–927
Bevan JC, Johnston C, Haig MJ et al (1990) Preoperative parental anxiety predicts behavioural and emotional responses to induction of anaesthesia in children. Can J Anaesth 37:177–182
Yemen T, Nelson W (1992) Parental presence at induction: do the parents make the difference? Anesthesiology 77:A1167
Schulman JL, Foley JM, Vernon DT et al (1967) A study of the effect of the mother’s presence during anesthesia induction. Pediatrics 39:111–114
Hannallah RS, Rosales JK (1983) Experience with parents‘ presence during anaesthesia induction in children. Can Anaesth Soc J 30:286–289
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Caramico LA et al (1996) Parental presence during induction of anesthesia. A randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology 84:1060–1067
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Wang SM et al (1998) Parental presence during induction of anesthesia versus sedative premedication: which intervention is more effective? Anesthesiology 89:1147–1156
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Cicchetti DV et al (1997) The Yale preoperative anxiety scale: how does it compare with a „gold standard“? Anesth Analg 85:783–788
Messeri A, Caprilli S, Busoni P (2004) Anaesthesia induction in children: a psychological evaluation of the efficiency of parents‘ presence. Paediatr Anaesth 14:551–556
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Wang SM et al (2000) Parental presence and a sedative premedicant for children undergoing surgery: a hierarchical study. Anesthesiology 92:939–946
Palermo TM, Tripi PA, Burgess E (2000) Parental presence during anaesthesia induction for outpatient surgery of the infant. Paediatr Anaesth 10:487–491
Hickmott KC, Shaw EA, Goodyer I et al (1989) Anaesthetic induction in children: the effects of maternal presence on mood and subsequent behaviour. Eur J Anaesthesiol 6:145–155
Tripi PA, Palermo TM, Thomas S et al (2004) Assessment of risk factors for emergence distress and postoperative behavioural changes in children following general anaesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 14:235–240
Yip P, Middleton P, Cyna AM et al (2009) Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD006447
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Caldwell-Andrews AA et al (2006) Predicting which children benefit most from parental presence during induction of anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 16:627–634
Rosenbaum A, Kain ZN, Larsson P et al (2009) The place of premedication in pediatric practice. Paediatr Anaesth 19:817–828
Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien
Interessenkonflikt. A. Machotta gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Der Beitrag enthält keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Machotta, A. Begleitpersonen während der Narkoseeinleitung von Kindern. Anaesthesist 63, 326–330 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-014-2292-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-014-2292-0