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Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung nach Intensivtherapie

Häufigkeit, Risikofaktoren und Behandlungsansätze

Posttraumatic stress disorder after intensive care

Prevalence, risk factors, and treatment

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Zusammenfassung

Die posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS) ist eine häufige Folge einer intensivmedizinischen Behandlung und betrifft neben Patienten auch deren Angehörige. Etwa jeder 5. Patient bildet im ersten Jahr nach intensivmedizinischer Behandlung Symptome einer PTBS aus. Zu den Risikofaktoren zählen das Vorhandensein komorbider Störungen, die Gabe von Benzodiazepinen während des Aufenthalts auf der ITS sowie Erinnerungen an dortige erschreckende bzw. beängstigende Erfahrungen. Zur Therapie der PTBS nach intensivmedizinischer Behandlung existieren bislang nur wenige spezifische Behandlungsansätze. Die Wirksamkeit des Intensivtagebuchs wurde bislang in einigen Studien untersucht, konnte allerdings nicht eindeutig belegt werden. Die internetbasierte Schreibtherapie stellt einen weiteren innovativen Behandlungsansatz dar, bei dem auch der Partner in die Therapie einbezogen wird.

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common consequence of intensive care which might affect not only the patients but also their relatives. About one fifth of these patients develop clinically important PTSD in the first year after intensive care. Comorbid psychopathology, received benzodiazepines, and memories of the frightening, distressing ICU experiences are common risk factors for the development of PTSD symptoms. There are only a few specific approaches for the treatment of PTSD after intensive care. The efficacy of intensive care diaries has only been examined in a few studies, but could not yet be confirmed clearly. Internet-based writing therapy represents a further treatment option where the partner also becomes involved in the treatment.

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Förderung

Diese Arbeit wurde durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Förderkennzeichen: 01EO1002, gefördert.

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Correspondence to R. Gawlytta M.Sc..

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Interessenkonflikt

R. Gawlytta, G.-B. Wintermann, M. Böttche, H. Niemeyer, C. Knaevelsrud und J. Rosendahl geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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M. Buerke, Siegen

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Gawlytta, R., Wintermann, GB., Böttche, M. et al. Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung nach Intensivtherapie. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114, 9–14 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-017-0266-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-017-0266-0

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