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Etiology of anterior open bite: a review

Ätiologie des frontalen offenen Bisses: Ein Review

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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

Presentation of different causes described in the literature for development of anterior apertognathia.

Methods

A review about data referring to patients limited in their anterior tooth function through the positioning of their teeth has been performed. Electronic data bases, two libraries have been searched for information. Of the identified titles 357 articles and chapters were selected. 43 of these were considered.

Results

Aetiology classifications are inconstant and author dependent, but mostly differentiated into genetic and environmental causes. Specifically named are: habit, tongue, airway obstruction, neuromuscular deficiency, trauma, rheumatoid disease, posture and posterior discrepancy.

Conclusions

Many different factors can be relevant for the development of apertognathia and have to be considered. Further research could help differentiating which of the partially contradictory statements are true.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Die Darstellung der verschiedenen in der Literatur beschriebenen Ursachen für das Entstehen von anterioren Apertognathien.

Methode

Es erfolgte eine systematische Suche von Veröffentlichungen zu Patienten, die durch ihre Zahnstellung in der Funktion der Schneidezähne eingeschränkt sind. Elektronischer Datenbanken und zwei Bibliotheken wurden zur Datensammlung herangezogen. Von den gefundenen Titeln wurden 357 genauer bearbeitet und 43 letztendlich verwendet.

Ergebnisse

Die Einteilung der Ursachen kann je nach Autor unterschiedlich sein, lässt sich aber generalisiert in genetisch und umweltbedingt einteilen. Genannt werden dabei: Habits, die Zunge im Speziellen, neuromuskuläre Defizite, Atemwegsobstruktionen, Haltung, posteriorer Platzmangel, Trauma und rheumatoide Erkrankungen.

Schlussfolgerung

Viele verschiedene Faktoren können bei der Entwicklung dieser Dysgnathie relevant sein und müssen bei der Diagnose in Betracht gezogen werden. Weitere Forschung in diesem Bereich könnte zeigen, welche der zum Teil widersprüchlichen Aussagen zutreffend sind.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics (Geb. 56), Saarland University, Kirrberger Straße 100, 66424, Homburg, Germany

    Christina Rijpstra & Jörg Alexander Lisson

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  1. Christina Rijpstra
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  2. Jörg Alexander Lisson
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Correspondence to Christina Rijpstra.

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Christina Rijpstra and Jörg Alexander Lisson state that there are no conflicts of interest.

The accompanying manuscript does not include studies on humans or animals.

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Prof. Dr. Jörg Alexander Lisson.

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Rijpstra, C., Lisson, J.A. Etiology of anterior open bite: a review. J Orofac Orthop 77, 281–286 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-016-0029-1

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