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Polydomy in red wood ants

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Abstract

Polydomy, a single colony spread between multiple nests, is a widespread life history strategy in ants. The mechanisms by which a polydomous colony functions, and the fitness benefits this nesting strategy provides, are poorly understood. Here we review what is known about polydomy in the well-studied and ecologically important Formica rufa group. We focus particularly on the ecological fitness benefits polydomy may provide to members of the F. rufa group. We discuss the well-documented association in this group between polygyny (multiple queens in a colony) and polydomy, and how this relationship may favour colony reproduction by budding. We argue that although polygyny and reproduction by budding may drive a colony to spread between multiple nests, the maintenance of prolonged communication between these nests needs further explanation in terms of fitness benefits. The potential benefits of polydomy in the F. rufa group are discussed, specifically how polydomy may help a colony: exploit resources, dominate spaces, or lower the cost of stochastic nest destruction. The potential consequences of polydomy for the social organisation of a colony are explored. We also highlight gaps in current knowledge, and suggest future research directions.

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Acknowledgments

S. Ellis would like to acknowledge funding from NERC and the National Trust. E. J. H. Robinson acknowledges support from The Royal Society. The authors would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their valuable comments on this manuscript.

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  1. Department of Biology, York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, York, UK

    S. Ellis & E. J. H. Robinson

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Ellis, S., Robinson, E.J.H. Polydomy in red wood ants. Insect. Soc. 61, 111–122 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00040-013-0337-z

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