Abstract
Objectives
To review existing cardiovascular risk models applicable to South Asian populations.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature using a combination of search terms for “South Asian”, “cardiovascular”, “risk”/“score” and existing risk models for inclusion. South Asian was defined as those residing in or with ancestry belonging to the Indian subcontinent.
Results
The literature search including MEDLINE and EMBASE identified 7560 papers. After full-text review, 4 papers met the inclusion criteria. Only 1 reported formal measures of model performance. In that study, both a modified Framingham model and QRISK2 showed similar good discrimination with AUROCs of 0.73–0.77 with calibration also reasonable in men (0.71–0.93) but poor in women (0.43–0.52).
Conclusions
Considering the number of South Asians and prevalence of cardiovascular disease, very few studies have reported performance of risk scores in South Asian populations. Furthermore, it was difficult to make comparisons, as many did not provide measures of discrimination, accuracy and calibration. There is a need for further research to evaluate risk models in South Asians, and ideally derive and validate cardiovascular risk models within South Asian populations.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Isla Kuhn, Reader Services Librarian at the University of Cambridge Medical Library, for her help with the structure and development of the systematic search strategy.
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JUS is supported by a National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Lectureship. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
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Gopal, D.P., Usher-Smith, J.A. Cardiovascular risk models for South Asian populations: a systematic review. Int J Public Health 61, 525–534 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0733-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0733-4