Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Novel High Capacity Reversible Information Hiding Scheme Based on Side-Match Prediction and Shortest Spanning Path

  • Digital Watermarking and Multimedia Security
  • Published:
Circuits, Systems & Signal Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, information hiding techniques have attracted increased attention owing to the growing demand for the ability to exchange large amounts of information. In addition, hiding information in compressed messages is very practical in improving transmission efficiency and saving large amounts of storage space. However, the damage caused by hiding data in compressed messages reduces image quality more than the damage caused by hiding data in uncompressed messages. Hence, this paper proposes a data hiding scheme based on side-match prediction and declustering techniques for vector quantization (VQ) compressed images. The appropriate side-match prediction not only embeds secret information into the VQ index but also reverses the original compressed index. In addition, the capacity for secret information can be varied adaptively depending on the requirements of different applications. As experimental results indicate, the proposed scheme indeed outperforms previous work in hiding capacity and in the image quality of stego-images.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alattar, A. M., Reversible Watermark Using the Difference Expansion of a Generalized Integer Transform, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2004, 13(8):1147–1156.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Chan, C. K., Cheng, L. M., Hiding Data in Images by Simple LSB Substitution, Pattern Recognition, 2003, 37:469–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Chang, C. C., Lin, P. Y., A Compression Based Data Hiding Scheme Using Vector Quantization and Principle Component Analysis, Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Cyberworlds, Tokyo, Japan, 2004, 369–375.

  4. Chang, C. C., Lu, T. C., Reversible Index-Domain Information Hiding Scheme Based on Side-Match Vector Quantization, The Journal of Systems and Software, 2006, 79:1120–1129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Chang, C. C., Hsiao, J. Y., Chung, L. Z., A Steganographic Method Based upon JPEG and Quantization Table Modification, Information Sciences, 2002, 141(2):123–138.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Chang, C. C., Chen, G. M., Lin, M. H., Information Hiding Based on Search-Order Coding for VQ Indices, Pattern Recognition Letters, 2004, 25:1253–1261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chen, T. S., Chang, C. C., A New Image Coding Algorithm Using Variable-Rate Side-Match Finite-State Vector Quantization, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1997, 6(8):1185–1187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chung, K. L., Shen, C. H., Chang, L. C., A Novel SVD- and VQ-Based Image Hiding Scheme, Pattern Recognition Letters, 2001, 22:1051–1058.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Du, W. C., Hsu, W. J., Adaptive Data Hiding Based on VQ Compressed Images, IEE Proceedings-Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 2003, 150(4):233–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kamstra, L., Heijmans, H. J. A. M., Reversible Data Embedding into Images Using Wavelet Techniques and Sorting, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2005, 14(12):2082–2090.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kim, K., Side Match and Overlap Match Vector Quantizers for Images, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1992, 1(2):170–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lee, R. C. T., Slagle, J. R., Mong, C. T., Towards Automatic Auditing of Records, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 1978, SE-4(5):441–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Li, S. L., Leung, K. C., Cheng, L. M., Chan, C. K., A Novel Image-Hiding Scheme Based on Block Difference, Pattern Recognition, 2005, 39:1168–1176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Linde, Y., Buzo, A., Gray, R. M., An Algorithm for Vector Quantizer Design, IEEE Transactions on Communications, 1980, 28(1):84–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ni, Z., Shi, Y. Q., Ansari, N., Su, W., Reversible Data Hiding, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2006, 16(3):354–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shie, S. C., Lin, S. D., Fang, C. M., Adaptive Data Hiding Based on SMVQ Prediction, IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, 2006, E89-D:358–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Slagle, J. R., Chang, C. L., Heller, S., A Clustering and Data-Reorganization Algorithm, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1975, 5:125–128.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Wang, R. Z., Lin, C. F., Lin, J. C., Image Hiding by Optimal LSB Substitution and Genetic Algorithm, Pattern Recognition, 2001, 34:671–683.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Wu, M. N., Lin, C. C., Chang, C. C., Hiding Secret Information in VQ Compressed Images Using Voronoi Diagram, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering, 2005, 55–61.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan, ROC

    Ming-Ni Wu

  2. Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan, ROC

    Chin-Chen Chang

Authors
  1. Ming-Ni Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chin-Chen Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chin-Chen Chang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wu, MN., Chang, CC. A Novel High Capacity Reversible Information Hiding Scheme Based on Side-Match Prediction and Shortest Spanning Path. Circuits Syst Signal Process 27, 137–153 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-008-9026-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-008-9026-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation