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Role of the Oceanic Vertical Thermal Structure in the Modulation of Heavy Precipitations Over the Ligurian Sea

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Abstract

The importance of the upper ocean thermal vertical structure (mixed-layer depth and stratification) in the control of the precipitation during a heavy-rain-producing mesoscale convective system is investigated by means of numerical simulations. In particular, the fully compressible, nonhydrostatic Euler equations for the atmosphere and the hydrostatic Boussinesq equations for the ocean are numerically integrated to study the effect of the ocean–atmosphere coupling both with realistic initial and boundary conditions and with simpler, analytical vertical temperature profile forcing. It is found that the action of the winds associated with the synoptic system, in which the heavy precipitation event is embedded, can entrain deep and cold water in the oceanic mixed layer, generating surface cooling. In the case of a shallow mixed layer and strongly stratified water column, this decrease in sea surface temperature can significantly reduce the air column instability and, thus, the total amount of precipitation produced.

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Acknowledgements

A.N.M. is funded by the Flagship Project RITMARE—the Italian Research for the Sea—coordinated by the Italian National Research Council and funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research within the National Research Program 2011–2013. L.R. is supported by the National Science Foundation (OCE-1419450). A.P. is supported by the Italian Civil Protection Department and by the Regione Liguria. This article is an outcome of Project MIUR – Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022. The authors are grateful for the careful revision by the anonymous reviewers, which led to substantial improvements to the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy

    A. N. Meroni & C. Pasquero

  2. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    L. Renault

  3. Laboratoire d’Étude en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiale, CNRS/IRD/UPS/CNES, Toulouse, France

    L. Renault

  4. CIMA Research Foundation, Savona, Italy

    A. Parodi

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Meroni, A.N., Renault, L., Parodi, A. et al. Role of the Oceanic Vertical Thermal Structure in the Modulation of Heavy Precipitations Over the Ligurian Sea. Pure Appl. Geophys. 175, 4111–4130 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-2002-y

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