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Organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton during dendritic spine morphological remodeling

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Abstract

In the central nervous system, most excitatory post-synapses are small subcellular structures called dendritic spines. Their structure and morphological remodeling are tightly coupled to changes in synaptic transmission. The F-actin cytoskeleton is the main driving force of dendritic spine remodeling and sustains synaptic plasticity. It is therefore essential to understand how changes in synaptic transmission can regulate the organization and dynamics of actin binding proteins (ABPs). In this review, we will provide a detailed description of the organization and dynamics of F-actin and ABPs in dendritic spines and will discuss the current models explaining how the actin cytoskeleton sustains both structural and functional synaptic plasticity.

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Abbreviations

ABP:

Actin binding proteins

ASD:

Autism spectrum disorders

EM:

Electron microscopy

FRAP:

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

FRET:

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer

LTD:

Long-term depression

LTP:

Long-term potentiation

NPFs:

Nucleation promoting factors

PSD:

Post-synaptic density

SMLM:

Single molecule localization microscopy

sptPALM:

Single particle tracking photoactivation localization microscopy

STED:

Simulated emission depletion microscopy

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Harold D. McGillavry and Dr Laura F. Gumy for helpful comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge financial support from the French Ministry of Research and CNRS, ANR grant Nanomotility, LabEx BRAIN, Conseil Régional Aquitaine, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, and from Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowship to Anaël Chazeau.

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  1. Anaël Chazeau

    Present address: Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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  1. Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5297, 33000, Bordeaux, France

    Anaël Chazeau & Grégory Giannone

  2. Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, UMR 5297, 33000, Bordeaux, France

    Anaël Chazeau & Grégory Giannone

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  1. Anaël Chazeau
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Correspondence to Grégory Giannone.

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Chazeau, A., Giannone, G. Organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton during dendritic spine morphological remodeling. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 73, 3053–3073 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2214-1

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