Abstract
The method of choice for the development of new vaccines is to target distinct dendritic cell subsets with antigen in vivo and to harness their function in situ to enhance cell-mediated immunity or induce tolerance to specific antigens. The innate functions of dendritic cells themselves may also be targeted by inhibitors or activators that would target a specific function such as interferon production, potentially important in autoimmune disease and chronic viral infections. Importantly targeting dendritic cells requires detailed knowledge of both the surface phenotype and function of each dendritic cell subset, including how they may respond to different types of vaccine adjuvants, their ability to produce soluble mediators and to process and present antigens and induce priming of naïve T cells. This review summarizes our knowledge of the functional attributes of the human dendritic cell subsets in the steady state and upon activation and their roles in human disease.
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Abbreviations
- Ag:
-
Antigen
- CTL:
-
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte
- DC:
-
Dendritic cells
- ESAM:
-
Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule
- Flt3:
-
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3
- Flt3L:
-
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand
- HCV:
-
Hepatitis C virus
- IFN:
-
Interferon
- IFN-I:
-
Type I interferons
- IFN-III:
-
Type III interferons (also known as IFN-λ)
- LC:
-
Langerhans cells
- MoDC:
-
Monocytes-derived dendritic cells
- Necl2:
-
Nectin-like protein 2
- NET:
-
Neutrophil extracellular trap
- PDC:
-
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells
- PAMPs or DAMPs:
-
Pathogen or damage associated molecular patterns
- PBMC:
-
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- Poly I:C:
-
Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid
- PRR:
-
Pattern recognition receptors
- SLE:
-
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- SNP:
-
Single nucleotide polymorphism
- TGF:
-
Transforming growth factor
- TLR:
-
Toll-like receptor
- TSLP:
-
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin
- TNF:
-
Tumor necrosis factor
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Acknowledgments
MOK and KJR are supported by National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Fellowships (1077633 MOK and 10089896 KJR) and Project grants (1078987 and 1085934). KJR and MOK are also supported by Project Grants from Worldwide Cancer Research UK. WHM is supported by a University of Queensland UQI International postgraduate scholarship.
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O’Keeffe, M., Mok, W.H. & Radford, K.J. Human dendritic cell subsets and function in health and disease. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 4309–4325 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0