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Structure and function insights into the NuRD chromatin remodeling complex

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Abstract

Transcription regulation through chromatin compaction and decompaction is regulated through various chromatin-remodeling complexes such as nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NuRD) complex. NuRD is a 1 MDa multi-subunit protein complex which comprises many different subunits, among which histone deacetylases HDAC1/2, ATP-dependent remodeling enzymes CHD3/4, histone chaperones RbAp46/48, CpG-binding proteins MBD2/3, the GATAD2a (p66α) and/or GATAD2b (p66β) and specific DNA-binding proteins MTA1/2/3. Here, we review the currently known crystal and NMR structures of these subunits, the functional data and their relevance for biomedical research considering the implication of NuRD subunits in cancer and various other diseases. The complexity of this macromolecular assembly, and its poorly understood mode of interaction with the nucleosome, the repeating unit of chromatin, illustrate that this complex is a major challenge for structure–function relationship studies which will be tackled best by an integrated biology approach.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) and the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR), the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC), the Centre Nationale pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and by the French Infrastructure for Integrated Structural Biology (FRISBI) ANR-10-INSB-05-01, and Instruct as part of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI). We thank the referees for nice suggestions.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Centre for Integrative Biology (CBI), Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, France

    Morgan P. Torchy, Ali Hamiche & Bruno P. Klaholz

  2. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Illkirch, France

    Morgan P. Torchy, Ali Hamiche & Bruno P. Klaholz

  3. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Illkirch, France

    Morgan P. Torchy, Ali Hamiche & Bruno P. Klaholz

  4. Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Morgan P. Torchy, Ali Hamiche & Bruno P. Klaholz

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  1. Morgan P. Torchy
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  2. Ali Hamiche
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Correspondence to Bruno P. Klaholz.

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Torchy, M.P., Hamiche, A. & Klaholz, B.P. Structure and function insights into the NuRD chromatin remodeling complex. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 2491–2507 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1880-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1880-8

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