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Colitis-associated neoplasia: molecular basis and clinical translation

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Abstract

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are both associated with an increased risk of inflammation-associated colorectal carcinoma. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is one of the most important causes for morbidity and mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Colitis-associated neoplasia distinctly differs from sporadic colorectal cancer in its biology and the underlying mechanisms. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of CAC and summarizes the most important genetic alterations and signaling pathways involved in inflammatory carcinogenesis. Then, clinical translation is evaluated by discussing new endoscopic techniques and their contribution to surveillance and early detection of CAC. Last, we briefly address different types of concepts for prevention (i.e., anti-inflammatory therapeutics) and treatment (i.e., surgical intervention) of CAC and give an outlook on this important aspect of IBD.

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Acknowledgments

SF was supported by the clinical research group KFO257 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Johannes and Frieda Marohn-Stiftung and the Endoscopy Research Award by the Olympus Europe Foundation.

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Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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  1. Department of Medicine 1, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Sebastian Foersch & Markus F. Neurath

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Correspondence to Markus F. Neurath.

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Foersch, S., Neurath, M.F. Colitis-associated neoplasia: molecular basis and clinical translation. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 71, 3523–3535 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1636-x

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