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Mammalian iron transport

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Abstract

Iron is essential for basic cellular processes but is toxic when present in excess. Consequently, iron transport into and out of cells is tightly regulated. Most iron is delivered to cells bound to plasma transferrin via a process that involves transferrin receptor 1, divalent metal-ion transporter 1 and several other proteins. Non-transferrin-bound iron can also be taken up efficiently by cells, although the mechanism is poorly understood. Cells can divest themselves of iron via the iron export protein ferroportin in conjunction with an iron oxidase. The linking of an oxidoreductase to a membrane permease is a common theme in membrane iron transport. At the systemic level, iron transport is regulated by the liver-derived peptide hepcidin which acts on ferroportin to control iron release to the plasma.

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Acknowledgment

G.J.A. is the recipient of a Senior Research Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.

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  1. Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia

    Gregory Jon Anderson

  2. Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California, 317 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Christopher D. Vulpe

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Anderson, G.J., Vulpe, C.D. Mammalian iron transport. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 66, 3241–3261 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0051-1

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