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Inhibitory effects and related molecular mechanisms of total flavonoids in Mosla chinensis Maxim against H1N1 influenza virus

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Abstract

Objective

The Shixiangru (Mosla chinensis Maxim) total flavonoids (STF) mainly contain luteolin and apigenin. The study aims to examine the inhibitory effects of STF on anti-H1N1 influenza virus and its related molecular mechanisms in pneumonia mice.

Methods

The viral pneumonia mice were treated with Ribavirin or various doses of STF. We observed histological changes of lung by immunohistochemistry and measured lung index to value anti-influenza virus effects of STF. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and anti-oxidant factors were detected by ELISA. RT-PCR and western blot assays were used to determine the expression level of TLR pathway’s key genes and proteins in lung tissues.

Results

We found that the pathological changes of lung in the viral pneumonia mice obviously alleviated by STF treatments and the STF (288 or 576 mg/kg) could significantly decrease lung indices. Moreover, the up-regulation (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and NO) and down-regulation (IL-2, SOD and GSH) of inflammatory cytokines and anti-oxidant factors were associated with higher clearance of virus and reduction of inflammatory lung tissue damage. Meanwhile, the expression levels of TLR3, TLR7, MyD88, TRAF3 and NF-κB p65 of the TLR pathway were reduced by STF treatment.

Conclusions

This study suggested that STF may be a promising candidate for treating H1N1 influenza and subsequent viral pneumonia.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a Grant from Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (nos. LY12H27008, LY15H290003 and LY18H280007) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81274030/H2803 and 81473335/H2803). Zhejiang Priority Subject (Chinese Pharmacy) Contribution—Open Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Yao2016015). Science Foundation of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (no. 2015ZR07).

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  1. Xiao-xia Zhang and Qiao-feng Wu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China

    Xiao-xia Zhang, Qiao-feng Wu, Yun-liang Yan & Feng-ling Zhang

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  1. Xiao-xia Zhang
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Correspondence to Qiao-feng Wu.

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Communicated by John Di Battista.

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Zhang, Xx., Wu, Qf., Yan, Yl. et al. Inhibitory effects and related molecular mechanisms of total flavonoids in Mosla chinensis Maxim against H1N1 influenza virus. Inflamm. Res. 67, 179–189 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-017-1109-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-017-1109-4

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