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Status of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in different brain regions of a rat model of Japanese encephalitis

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Abstract

Objectives

This study evaluated cytokines and chemokine in different regions of the rat brain at different time points following Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection.

Design

Twelve-day-old Wistar rats were infected by intracerebral inoculation of 3 × 106 plaque-forming units of JEV 78668A strain. Expression of cytokines and chemokine was assayed using cytokine bead array in different regions of the brain at 3, 6, 10 and 20 days post-inoculation (dpi). Pathological changes including immunohistochemistry for JEV antigen were observed.

Results

The cytokine levels were increased in the acute stage and declined on follow-up. In the acute stage (6 dpi), the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10 were maximum in the cortex, whereas the level of IL-4 was maximum in the striatum. Lower levels of these cytokines were observed in mid-brain and thalamus compared to other regions studied. Maximum expression of JEV antigen and histopathological changes as well as cytokines and chemokine were observed at 6 dpi in all the brain regions studied, but declined thereafter.

Conclusion

This experimental study revealed maximum expression of cytokines and chemokine at 6 dpi of JEV infection which corresponded with histopathological changes in different brain regions.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the Indian Council of Medical Research for financial support to Ruchi Srivastava as Senior Research Fellow, and Council of Science and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India for establishing the Encephalitis Research Center. We thank Mr. Rakesh Kumar Nigam for secretarial help.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareily Road, Lucknow, 226014, India

    Ruchi Srivastava, Jayantee Kalita & Usha Kant Misra

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India

    Mohammad Yahiya Khan

Authors
  1. Ruchi Srivastava
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  2. Jayantee Kalita
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  3. Mohammad Yahiya Khan
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  4. Usha Kant Misra
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Usha Kant Misra.

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Responsible Editor: Graham Wallace.

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Srivastava, R., Kalita, J., Khan, M.Y. et al. Status of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in different brain regions of a rat model of Japanese encephalitis. Inflamm. Res. 61, 381–389 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0423-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0423-5

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