Abstract
Introduction
Both smooth and rough Proteus sp. strains can be found. The latter are characterized by their lack of an O-polysaccharide chain in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule, which makes them suitable for obtaining anti-core sera. Using this kind of material enables identifying fragments of the Proteus LPS core region that might be involved in cross-reactions. To date only a few similar epitopes have been established for the genus Proteus.
Materials and Methods
Polyclonal rabbit antisera directed against three rough strains of Proteus sp. were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a set of LPSs. The reactivity of the selected cross-reactive and homologous systems was checked by the Western blot technique and by a passive immunohemolysis assay preceded by the absorption of each antiserum with appropriate cross-reactive and homologous alkalized LPSs.
Results
On the basis of the ELISA results, 19 cross-reactive antigens were selected among which both smooth and rough LPS forms were found. All the observed reactions involved the core region of the LPS. Using the antisera absorbed with the appropriate LPSs allowed identification of four groups of antigens with serologically identical core regions.
Conclusions
Comparing the results of the serological studies with the known chemical structures of the core regions of the LPSs used enabled the identification of a few core oligosaccharide fragments probably involved in the observed cross-reactions. All were located in the most distal part of LPS core region, which made them more easily recognized by specific antibodies.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- ELISA:
-
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- GalA:
-
galacturonic acid
- GalN:
-
galactosamine
- Glc:
-
glucose
- GlcN:
-
glucosamine
- Hep:
-
L-glycero-D-manno-heptose
- DD-Hep:
-
D-glycero-D-manno-heptose
- PIH:
-
passive immunohemolysis
- SDS/PAGE:
-
sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- SRBC:
-
sheep red blood cells
- (1S)-GaloNAc:
-
open-chain form of GalNAc
References
Bartodziejska B, Radziejewska-Lebrecht J, Lipińska M et al (1993) Badanie swoistości epitopowej przeciwciał poliklonalnych przeciwko mutantom R Proteus mirabilis. Med Dooew Mikrobiol 45: 99–102
Drzewiecka D, Zych K, Sidorczyk Z (2004) Characterization and serological classification of a collection of Proteus penneri clinical strains. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 52: 121–128
Galanos C, Lüderitz O, Westphal O (1969) A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides. Eur J Biochem 9: 245–249
Hickman FW, Steigerwalt AG, Farmer JJ III et al (1982) Identification of Proteus penneri sp. nov., formerly known as Proteus vulgaris indole negative or as Proteus vulgaris biogroup 1. J Clin Microbiol 15: 1097–1102
Kołodziejska K, Perepelov AV, Zabłotni A et al (2006) Structure of the glycerol phosphate-containing O-polysaccharides and serological studies of the lipopolysaccharides of Proteus mirabilis CCUG 10704 (OE) and Proteus vulgaris TG 103 classified into a new Proteus serogroup, O54. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 47: 267–274
Kondakova AN, Zych K, Senchenkova SN et al (2003) Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 28 and Proteus vulgaris O31 and classification of P. penneri 26 and 28 in Proteus serogroup O31. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 39: 87–93
Kotełko K, Gromska W, Papierz M et al (1977) Core region in Proteus mirabilis lipopolysaccharide. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 21: 271–284
Poxton IR (1995) Antibodies to lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol Methods 186: 1–15
Sidorczyk Z, Toukach FV, Zych K (2002a) Structural and serological characterization of the lipopolysaccharide from Proteus penneri 20 and classification of the cross-reacting Proteus penneri strains 10, 16, 18, 20, 32 and 45 in Proteus serogroup O17. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 50: 345–350
Sidorczyk Z, Toukach FV, Zych K et al (2002b) Structural and serological relatedness of the O-antigens of Proteus penneri 1 and 4 from a novel Proteus serogroup O72. Eur J Biochem 269: 358–363
Sidorczyk Z, Zych K, Toukach FV et al (2002c) Structure of the O-polysaccharide and classification of Proteus mirabilis strain G1 in Proteus serogroup O3. Eur J Biochem 269: 1406–1412
Vinogradov E, Radziejewska-Lebrecht J, Kaca W (2000) The structure of the carbohydrate backbone of core-lipid A region of the lipopolysaccharides from Proteus mirabilis wild-type strain S1959 (serotype O3) and its Ra mutant R110/1959. Eur J Biochem 267: 262–268
Vinogradov E, Sidorczyk Z (2002) The structure of the carbohydrate backbone of the rough type lipopolysaccharides from Proteus penneri strains 12, 13, 37 and 44. Carbohydr Res 337: 835–840
Vinogradov E, Sidorczyk Z, Knirel YA (2002a) Structure of the core part of the lipopolysaccharides from Proteus penneri strains 7, 8, 14, 15, and 21. Carbohydr Res 337: 643–649
Vinogradov E, Sidorczyk Z, Knirel YA (2002b) Structure of the lipopolysaccharide core region of the bacteria of the genus Proteus. Aust J Chem 55: 61–67
Zych K, Kocharova NA, Kowalczyk M et al (2000) Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 71 and classification of cross-reactive P. penneri strains to a new proposed serogroup O64. Eur J Biochem 267: 808–814
Zych K, Perepelov AV, Baranowska A et al (2005) Structure and serological studies of the O-polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 75. Epitopes and subgroups of Proteus serogroup O73. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 43: 141–148
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
This article is published under an open access license. Please check the 'Copyright Information' section either on this page or in the PDF for details of this license and what re-use is permitted. If your intended use exceeds what is permitted by the license or if you are unable to locate the licence and re-use information, please contact the Rights and Permissions team.
About this article
Cite this article
Palusiak, A., Sidorczyk, Z. Serological characterization of the core region of lipopolysaccharides of rough Proteus sp. strains. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. 57, 303–310 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-009-0034-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-009-0034-9