Summary
A study of the extraction of oak wood compounds with subcritical water-ethanol mixtures as extractants, with an ethanol content between 0 and 60%, is reported. Identification and characterization of the extracted compounds were achieved by spectrophotometry and by gas chromatography with either flame ionization or mass spectrometric detection. Extraction was performed statically by use of a single cycle or repeated cycles. All variables affecting the extraction process were studied and optimized. Extraction time and temperature were 60 min and 200°C, respectively. Comparison of the extract thus obtained with commercial extracts showed the former to be rich in compounds characteristic of the commercial extracts. The method also enables manipulation of extract composition by changing the temperature and the water/ethanol ratio used. It is faster than traditional procedures for obtaining wood extracts.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Marsal, F.; Sarre, C.Connais Vigne Vin 1987,21, 71.
Miller, D.P.; Howell, G.S.; Michaelis, C.S.; Dickmann, D.I.Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 1992,43, 333.
Nykanen, L.Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 1986,37, 84.
Chatonnet, P.; Boidron, J.N.; Pons, M.Connaiss Vigne Vin 1989,23, 223.
Chatonnet, P.; Boidron, J.N.; Pons, M.Sci. Aliments 1990,10, 565.
Nishimura, K.; Ohnishi, M.; Masuda, M.; Koga, K.; Matsuyama, R.Reactions of Wood Components During Maturation, InFlavour of Distilled Beverages: Origin and Development: Piggott, J.R. Ed. Ellis Horwood, Chichester, UK,1983, pp. 241–255.
Sefton, M.A.; Francis, I.L.; Pocock, K.F.; Williams, P.J.Sci. Aliments 1993,13, 629.
Guymon, J.F.; Crowell, E.A.Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 1972,23, 114.
Directiva 88/388/CEE de Consejo de 22 de junio de 1988. Diario Oficial de las Comunidades Europeas (L) No. 184 del 15 de julio de 1988, p. 61.
Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edn, VCH, Weinheim,1988, Vol. A11.
Soto-Ayala, R.; Luque de Castro, M.D.Food Chem. 2001,75, 109.
Gámiz-Gracia, L.; Luque de Castro, M.D.Talanta 2000,51, 1179.
Perry, R.H.; Green, D.W.; Mahoney, J.O.Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 6th edn, McGraw-Hill, New York,1984, Vol. 1.
Chatonnet, P.; Cutzach, I.; Pons, M.; Dubordieu, D.J. Agric. Food Chem. 1999,47, 4310.
Pérez-Coello, M.S.; Sanz, J.; Cabezudo, M.D.Chromatographia 1998,47, 427.
Pérez-Coello, M.S.; Sanz, J.; Cabezudo, M.D.Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 1999,50, 162.
Cutzach, I.; Chatonnet, P.; Henry, R.; Dubordieu, D.J. Agric. Food Chem. 1997,45, 2217.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
González-Rodríguez, J., Pérez-Juan, P. & Luque de Castro, M.D. Extraction of wood compounds by use of subcritical fluids. Chromatographia 57, 363–368 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02492409
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02492409