Summary
The influence of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) on Mg, Na, and water absorption was studied in the rat distal colon and caecum using an in vivo luminal perfusion technique. The effect of SCFA on K absorption by the distal colon and the effect of K on Mg absorption by the distal colon and caecum were also investigated.
Butyrate (60 mmol/l) or a mixture of SCFA (60 mmol/l acetate, 20 mmol/l propionate, 10 mmol/l butyrate) stimulated Mg and K absorption by the distal colon, while Na and water absorption was not affected. The effect on Mg absorption was pH-dependent. In the caecum, butyrate enhanced Na and water absorption, but not Mg absorption. Acetate (60 mmol/l) did not influence electrolyte absorption by either intestinal segment. K (30 mmol/l) inhibited Mg absorption by the distal colon, but not by the caecum.
It is concluded from these findings that SCFA deriving from fermentation of carbohydrates in the large intestine stimulate Mg, K, and Na absorption by delivering protons to Mg++/H+, K+/H+ and Na+/H+ exchangers located in the apical membrane of the epithelium. K seems to inhibit Mg absorption in the colon by affecting a mechanism which does not respond to SCFA.
Zusammenfassung
Im distalen Kolon und Zäkum der Ratte wurde der Einfluß von kurzkettigen Fettsäuren (SCFA) auf die Mg-, Na- und Wasserabsorption mittels luminaler Perfusion der Darmsegmente in vivo untersucht. Der Effekt kurzkettiger Fettsäuren auf die K-Absorption im distalen Kolon sowie von K auf die Mg-Absorption im distalen Kolon und Zäkum wurde ebenfalls geprüft.
Butyrat (60 mmol/l) sowie eine Mischung von SCFA (60 mmol/l Azetat, 20 mmol/l Propionat, 10 mmol/l Butyrat) stimulierten die Mg- und K-Absorption im distalen Kolon, während die Na- und Wasserabsorption unbeeinflußt blieben. Der Effekt auf die Mg-Absorption war pH-abhängig. Im Zäkum steigerte Butyrat die Na- und Wasserabsorption, nicht jedoch die Mg-Absorption. Azetat (60 mmol/l) beeinflußte die Elektrolytabsorption in beiden Darmsegmenten nicht. K (30 mmol/l) hemmte die Mg-Absorption im distalen Kolon, nicht jedoch im Zäkum.
Aus diesen Befunden wird geschlossen, daß die bei der Fermentation von Kohlenhydraten im Dickdarm anfallenden kurzkettigen Fettsäuren die Mg-, K- und Na-Absorption durch Bereitstellung von Protonen für die in der apikalen Membran des Epithels lokalisierten Mg++/H+-, K+/H+- und Na+/H+-Austauscher stimulieren. K scheint im Kolon die Absorption von Mg durch Beeinträchtigung eines Mechanismus zu hemmen, der nicht auf kurzkettige Fettsäuren anspricht.
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Abbreviations
- SCFA:
-
Short chain fatty acids
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In memoriam Prof. Dr. Hermann Zucker
Some results were published in a preliminary form (16)
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Scharrer, E., Lutz, T. Effects of short chain fatty acids and K on absorption of Mg and other cations by the colon and caecum. Z Ernährungswiss 29, 162–168 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021554
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021554