Summary
Ilmenite in alkali feldspar quartz syenite from Cape Ashizuri contains up to 4.4 wt.% Nb2O5. Niobium substitutes for Ti in the octahedral site of the ilmenite structure. Substitution of Nb for Ti may involve a coupled exchange to maintain charge balance, and an exchange of 2Nb + 2Fe3+ = 3Ti + 2Fe2+ is advocated. An Fe-Ti oxide geothermometer obtained from mineral pairs of granular and lamellar intergrowths indicates a subsolidus re-equilibration temperature of 510–640 °C andfO2 between the FMQ and MW-buffers, implying that it is very undersaturated with respect to water. On the other hand, Zn-ilmenite, containing up to 5.4 wt.% ZnO, occurs in miarolitic cavities in peralkaline rhyolite which cuts the quartz syenite. The Zn-ilmenite is one of the last crystalline phases of the Ashizuri magmatic activities under volatile-rich conditions. Nb-oxides, such as fergusonite, samarskite, columbite and a pyrochlore-like mineral, are Ta- and Mn-poor, which corresponds to those of less-fractionated rocks of anorogenic alkali granite and pegmatitic granite in the continental situation. Ta- and Mn-poor Nb-oxides in F- and Li-rich alkaline felsic magmas such as the Ashizuri syenites are unusual; this may be related to a rapid emplacement and cooling of mantle-derived small-volume magma in the island are situation.
Zusammenfassung
Ilmenit in Alkalifeldspat-Quarz-Syenit von Cap Ashizuri enthält bis zu 4,4 Gew. % Nb2O5. Niob ersetzt Ti in der oktaedrischen Position der Ilmenit-Struktur. Substitution von Nb für Ti erfolgt über einen gekooppelten Austausch zum Erhalt der Ladungsgleichgewichte und hier wird der Austausch von 2Nb + 2Fe3+ = 3Ti + 2Fe2+ vorgeschlagen. Ein Fe-Ti-Oxid Geothermometer auf der Basis von Mineral-Paaren körniger und lamellarer Verwachsungen weist auf Subsolidus Re-Equilibrationstemperaturen von 510 bis 640 °C undfO2 zwischen den QFM und MW-Puffern hin. Dies bedeutet Wasser-Untersättigung. Andererseits kommt Zn-Ilmenit mit bis zu 5,4 Gew.% ZnO in miarolitischen Hohlräumen in peralkalinem Rhyolit vor, der den Quarzsyenit durchschlägt. Der Zn-Ilmenit ist einer der am spätesten gebildeten kristallinen Phasen der magmatischen Aktivitäten von Ashizuri, bei Bedingungen, die an volatilen Phasen reich sind. Nb-Oxide, wie zum Beispiel Fergusonit, Samarskit, Columbit und ein Pyrochlor-ähnliches Mineral sind Ta- und Mn-arm; dies entspricht weniger fraktionierten Gesteinen aus dem Bildungsberich anorogener Alkali-Granite und pegmatitischer Granite in einer kontinentalen Situation. Ta- und Mn-arme Nb-Oxide in F- und Li-reichen alkalischen felsischen Magmen, wie die Ashizuri Syenite, sind ungewöhnlich; dies mag mit rascher Platznahme und Abkühlung von kleinen Volumina von Magmen, die aus dem Mantel stammen, in einer Inselbogen-Situation zusammenhängen.
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Nakashima, K., Imaoka, T. Niobian and zincian ilmenites in syenites from Cape Ashizuri, Southwest Japan. Mineralogy and Petrology 63, 1–17 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01162765
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01162765