Skip to main content
Log in

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

  • Original Investigations
  • Published:
Journal of Neurology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined in 90 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and in 50 age-matched normal controls. Total protein concentration was significantly higher in ALS patients than in normal controls. CSF IgG and albumin, quantitatively determined by single radial immunodiffusion, were significantly increased in ALS. No difference in serum concentrations was observed between ALS patients and normal controls. On isoelectric focusing a clear-cut “fingerprint” pattern was observed in 11 of 12 cases. These findings support the hypothesis that blood-brain barrier damage occurs in ALS. The finding of a higher mononuclear cell count in young ALS patients is briefly discussed in the light of the hypothesis that an exogenous agent might be of some relevance in pathogenesis. An alteration of at least one of the CSF parameters considered was found in 45.5% of ALS cases.

Zusammenfassung

In 90 Fällen von amyotrophischer Lateralsklerose und bei 50 auch im Alter entsprechenden Kontrollen wurde der Liquor untersucht. Der Eiweißgehalt war bei den Patienten mit ALS signifikant höher als bei den Kontrollen. Die Albuminfraktion und das IgG, die mit Immunodiffusionsmethoden quantitativ bestimmt wurden, waren bei der ALS im Liquor signifikant erhöht, während sie sich im Serum gleich wie bei den Kontrollfällen verhielten. Bei der isoelektrischen Fokusierung ließ sich ein eindeutiges „Finger-print-pattern“ in elf von zwölf Fällen beobachten. Diese Befunde sprechen dafür, daß bei der ALS eine Störung der Blut-Hirnschranke vorliegt. Es wird kurz auf die Beobachtung einer vermehrten Zahl mononukleärer Zellen bei jungen Patienten mit ALS eingegangen und im besonderen die Frage diskutiert, in wieweit ein exogenes Agents in der Pathogenese eine Rolle spielen könnte. Mindestens eines der obern erwähnten Parameter war bei 45% aller ALS Fälle im Liquor verändert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aimard G, Bady B, Baisson D, Trouillas P, Devic M (1976) Sclérose laterale amyotrophique survenue avant 40 ans. Remarques à propos de 25 observations. Rev Neurol (Paris) 132:563–566

    Google Scholar 

  2. Castaigne P, Lhermitte F, Schuller E, Rouques C (1971) Les proteines du liquide céphalo-rachidien au cours de la sclérose latérale amyotrophique. Rev Neurol (Paris) 125:393–400

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fishman RA (1980) Cerebrospinal fluid in diseases of the nervous system. WB Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gårde A, Kjellin KG (1971) Diagnostic significance of cerebrospinal fluid examination in myelopathy. Acta Neurol Scand 47:555–568

    Google Scholar 

  5. Guiloff RJ, McGregor B, Thompson E, Blackwood W, Paul E (1980) Motor neuron disease with elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 43:390–396

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kjellin KG, Stibler H (1976) Isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins in muscular dystrophies and spinal muscular atrophies. J Neurol Sci 27:45–57

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kjellin KG, Vesterberg O (1974) Isoelectric focusing of CSF proteins in neurological diseases. J Neurol Sci 23:199–213

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kostulas VK, Link H (1982) Agarose isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid and serum evaluated on 998 neurological patients. Acta Neurol Scand [Suppl 90] 65:266–267

    Google Scholar 

  9. Laterre EC (1975) Cerebrospinal fluid. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW (eds) Handbook of clinical neurology, vol. 19. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 125–138

    Google Scholar 

  10. Laterre EC, Callewaert A, Heremans JF, Sfaello Z (1970) Electrophoretic morphology of gammaglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis and other diseases of the nervous system. Neurology (Minneap) 20:982–990

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lowenthal A (1964) Agar gel electrophoresis in neurology. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mancini G, Carbonara AD, Heremans JF (1965) Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry 2:235–254

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pena CE (1977) Virus-like particles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; electron microscopical study of a case. Ann Neurol 1:290–297

    Google Scholar 

  14. Poloni M, Rocchelli B, Mezzarello P, Pinelli P (1982) Cerebrospinal fluid in motor neuron disease: the value of isoelectric focusing (IEF). Acta Neurol (Napoli) 4:271–272

    Google Scholar 

  15. Reiber H (1980) The discrimination between different blood-CSF barrier dysfunctions and inflammatory reaction of the CNS by a recent evaluation graph for the protein profile of cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurol 224:89–99

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rosen AD (1978) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clinical features and prognosis. Arch Neurol 35:638–642

    Google Scholar 

  17. Siegel S (1956) Nonparametric statistics for the behavioural sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  18. Tibbling G, Link H, Ohman S (1977) Principles of albumin and IgG analyses in neurological disorders. I. Establishment of reference values. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 37:385–390

    Google Scholar 

  19. Winer BJ (1971) Statistical principles in experimental design. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Leonardi, A., Abbruzzese, G., Arata, L. et al. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol 231, 75–78 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313720

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313720

Key words

Navigation