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Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt

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Abstract

The main reasons behind performing the current study were the high distribution of the water buffaloes Bubalus bubalis and cattle in Menoufia province, the veterinary importance of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii and the limited information on the seropositivity of these parasites in Menoufia province, Egypt. Therefore, the current study was conducted to estimate the distribution of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies (IgM and IgG) in water buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia province. ELISA methods based on the surface antigen 1 of N. caninum (NcSAG1t) and the surface antigen 2 of T. gondii (TgSAG2t) were utilized to detect both specific IgM and IgG for these parasites. The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii in cattle of Menoufia Province were (12.21% and 1.91% for IgM) and (14.89% and 3.05% for IgG), respectively. In water buffaloes, seroprevalences of N. caninum and T. gondii were (6.97% and 9.02% for IgM) and (13.52% and 8.2% for IgG), respectively. The mixed infection rate was 1.5% in cattle and 4.92% in buffaloes. No significant differences were detected regarding age or gender. Statistically significant changes in the prevalence of both parasites were demonstrated in relation to a period of the year. In conclusion, seroprevalence of neosporosis was more than toxoplasmosis in cattle and buffaloes in Menoufia Province, Egypt.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Xuenan Xuan, and Prof. Dr. Yoshifumi Nishikawa (National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan) for providing the recombinant NcSAG1t and TgSAG2t. The authors also thank local veterinary practitioners for collecting blood samples.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology and Physiology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Egypt

    Hany M. Ibrahim

  2. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Egypt

    Adel A. H. Abdel-Rahman & Nora M. Bishr

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  1. Hany M. Ibrahim
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Contributions

HMI designed the study. NMB and HMI performed the experiments, analyzed and interpreted the data. HMI wrote the first version of the manuscript. HMI, AAHA and NMB assisted during the analysis and interpretation of data and revised the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hany M. Ibrahim or Adel A. H. Abdel-Rahman.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The animal owners gave consent for collection of samples. This study was performed after getting permission from the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee, Menoufia University, Egypt (approval ID: MUFS/F/IM/2/17).

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Ibrahim, H.M., Abdel-Rahman, A.A.H. & Bishr, N.M. Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt. J Parasit Dis 45, 952–958 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-021-01386-x

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