Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Inclusions on Magnetic Properties of Al-Killed Non-oriented Silicon Steels

  • Magnetic Materials for Multifunctional Applications
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The influence of inclusions and microstructure on magnetic properties was investigated in calcium(Ca)-treated non-oriented silicon steels. The total number density of inclusions was reduced due to the removal of low melt point and calcium sulfide (CaS)-bearing inclusions. Inclusions containing manganese sulfide (MnS) decreased, while those with aluminum nitride (AlN) increased. The segregation concentration of Mn, S, Al, and N during the solidification process was calculated based on a simple microsegregation model. The results showed that the Ca treatment modulated the precipitation characteristics of MnS and AlN. An increase in the grain size was observed accompanied by a reduced number density of precipitates. The density of γ-fiber texture increased, while that of the η-fiber texture decreased. The core loss and magnetic induction decreased by 10.06% and 3.50%, respectively. These results indicated that an appropriate Ca treatment during the refining process could effectively modify the inclusions and reduce the core loss.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Z.Z. He, Y. Zhao, and H.W. Luo, Electrical Steel (Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, 2012), pp 279–355.

    Google Scholar 

  2. H.G. Kang, K.M. Lee, M.Y. Huh, J.S. Kim, J.T. Park, and O. Emgler, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323, 2248. (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K.M. Lee, S.Y. Park, M.Y. Huh, J.S. Kim, and O. Engler, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 354, 324. (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Ghosh, R.R. Chromik, A.M. Knight, and S.G. Wakade, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 356, 42. (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Oda, Y. Tanaka, A. Chino, and K. Yamada, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 254, 361. (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. J.Y. Wang, Q. Ren, Y. Luo, and L.F. Zhang, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 451, 454. (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Kurosaki, M. Shiozaki, K. Higashine, and M. Sumimoto, ISIJ Int. 39, 607. (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Matsuoka, M. Motoyoshi and M. Makino, Continuously cast slabs for grain oriented electrical steel sheet and method for producing said steel sheet (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1975), https://www.uspto.gov/. Accessed 8 April 1975.

  9. K. Jenkins, and M. Lindenmo, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2423. (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. X.S. Wang, Y.H. Sun, G.W. Li, H.H. Xiong, Z. Qiao, and K.K. Cai, Steelmaking 28, 48. (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Wan, W.Q. Chen, and S.J. Wu, Shanghai Met. 36, 7. (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  12. F. Zhang, L.D. Miao, and Z.Y. Zong, Baosteel Tech. Res. 7, 12. (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.Y. Guo, K.K. Cai, Z.H. Luo, L.T. Liu, and Z.M. Liu, J. Univ. Sci. Technol. Beijing 27, 427. (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Y. Wan, W.Q. Chen, and S.J. Wu, Special Steel 34, 64. (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Q. Ren, W. Yang, and L. Cheng, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 494, 165803. (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Suito, and R. Inoue, ISIJ Int. 36, 528. (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. C.Y. Zhu, L.Y. Huang, X.Y. Luo, Y.L. Liu, Y. Wang, and G.Q. Li, J. Iron Steel Res. 32, 117. (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  18. X.H. Huang, Theory of Iron and Steel Metallurgy (Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, 2002), pp 111–811.

    Google Scholar 

  19. C.Y. Zhu, X.Y. Luo, G.Q. Lig, J.X. Feng, and Z.F. Yan, J. Chongqing Univ. Nat. Sci. Ed. 41, 35. (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  20. M. Hino, and K. Ito, Thermodynamic Data for Steelmaking (Tohoku University Press, Sendai, 2010), p 226.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Y.M. Won, and B.G. Thomas, Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 32, 1755. (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. J. Matsuno, Proc. Symp. Solidification Phenomena,Solidification Comm., ISIJ, Tokyo, 2 (1976).

  23. Y. Ueshima, S. Mizoguchi, T. Matsumiya, and H. Kajioka, Matall. Trans. B. 17, 845. (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. K. Kim, H.N. Han, T. Yeo, Y. Lee, K.H. Oh, and D.N. Lee, Ironmaking Steelmaking 24, 249. (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Z.Z. Liu, J. Wei, and K.K. Cai, ISIJ Int. 42, 958. (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Y. Meng, and B. Thomas, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 34, 685. (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. F.J. Li, H.G. Li, and Y. Wu, J. Mater. Res. 32, 2307. (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. M. Shiozaki, and Y. Kurosaki, J. Mater. Eng. 11, 37. (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. H. Huneus, K. Günther, and T. Kochmann, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2, 199. (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. C. Gheorghies, and A. Doniga, J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 16, 78. (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the financial support for this study from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51674180).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China

    Yulong Liu, Chengyi Zhu, Luoyi Huang & Guangqiang Li

  2. Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China

    Yulong Liu, Chengyi Zhu, Luoyi Huang & Guangqiang Li

  3. School of Machinery and Automation, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China

    Xinyuan Chen

Authors
  1. Yulong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chengyi Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Luoyi Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xinyuan Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Guangqiang Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chengyi Zhu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, Y., Zhu, C., Huang, L. et al. Influence of Inclusions on Magnetic Properties of Al-Killed Non-oriented Silicon Steels. JOM 74, 2645–2655 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05333-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05333-w

Search

Navigation