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The Role of PVA Surfactant on Magnetic Properties of MnFe2O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Hydrothermal Method

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Abstract

In this research, manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel hydrothermal process through different hydrothermal durations and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) contents. The synthesized NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The effect of adding PVA as a surfactant and hydrothermal treatment duration on phase formation, microstructure, and magnetic properties of NPs have been discussed in this article. Rietveld-refined XRD patterns proved formation of magnetite and nonstoichiometric manganese ferrite phases along with MnFe2O4 in samples. The existence of a hematite phase was observed in samples prepared without PVA at the hydrothermal durations of 15 and 20 h, while adding PVA caused the hematite phase to disappear. FESEM images showed that adding PVA caused angular and coarser particles to form. The hysteresis loops of the samples confirmed the ferrimagnetic behavior of some samples while others presented superparamagnetic characteristics depending on their processing conditions. The saturation magnetization (Ms) and magnetic coercivity (Hc) values of NPs varied between 38 and 64 emu/g and 15–85 Oe, respectively. Addition of PVA with the average hydrothermal duration of 7.5 h provides the sample with the highest Ms (equal to 64 emu/g), which is mainly composed of MnFe2O4, Mn1.03Fe1.97O4, and Fe3O4. On the other hand, the sample P10 prepared with PVA addition at the hydrothermal treatment duration of 10 h presented the highest value of MnFe2O4 according to the Rietveld refinement results of XRD patterns performed by Maud program.

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  1. Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    M. Rezaei, S. Mohammad Mirkazemi & Somaye Alamolhoda

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Rezaei, M., Mirkazemi, S.M. & Alamolhoda, S. The Role of PVA Surfactant on Magnetic Properties of MnFe2O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Hydrothermal Method. J Supercond Nov Magn 34, 1397–1408 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05830-0

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