Abstract
The discovery of new, flavor-dependent neutrino interactions would provide compelling evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. We focus on interactions generated by the anomaly-free, gauged, abelian lepton-number symmetries, specifically Le – Lμ, Le – Lτ , and Lμ – Lτ , that introduce a new matter potential sourced by electrons and neutrons, potentially impacting neutrino flavor oscillations. We revisit, revamp, and improve the constraints on these interactions that can be placed via the flavor composition of the diffuse flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, with TeV–PeV energies, i.e., the proportion of νe, νμ, and ντ in the flux. Because we consider mediators of these new interactions to be ultra-light, lighter than 10−10 eV, the interaction range is ultra-long, from km to Gpc, allowing vast numbers of electrons and neutrons in celestial bodies and the cosmological matter distribution to contribute to this new potential. We leverage the present-day and future sensitivity of high-energy neutrino telescopes and of oscillation experiments to estimate the constraints that could be placed on the coupling strength of these interactions. We find that, already today, the IceCube neutrino telescope demonstrates potential to constrain flavor-dependent long-range interactions significantly better than existing constraints, motivating further analysis. We also estimate the improvement in the sensitivity due to the next-generation neutrino telescopes such as IceCube-Gen2, Baikal-GVD, KM3NeT, P-ONE, and TAMBO.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Pilar Coloma, Francis Halzen, Masoom Singh, and Yu-Dai Tsai for their helpful discussions and crucial inputs. S.K.A., S.D., and A.N. acknowledge the support from the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India, under the Project Identification no. RIO 4001. S.K.A. is supported by the Young Scientist Project [INSA/SP/YSP/144/2017/1578] from the Indian National Science Academy (INSA). S.K.A. acknowledges the financial support from the Swarnajayanti Fellowship (sanction order no. DST/SJF/PSA-05/2019-20) provided by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India. S.K.A. and A.N. receive the financial support from the Research Grant (sanction order no. SB/SJF/2020-21/21) provided by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Govt. of India, under the Swarnajayanti Fellowship project. S.K.A. would like to thank the United States-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) for providing the financial support through the Fulbright-Nehru Academic and Professional Excellence Fellowship (Award no. 2710/F-N APE/2021). M.B. is supported by the Villum Fonden under project no. 29388. The numerical simulations are carried out using the “SAMKHYA: High-Performance Computing Facility” at the Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India.
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Agarwalla, S.K., Bustamante, M., Das, S. et al. Present and future constraints on flavor-dependent long-range interactions of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. J. High Energ. Phys. 2023, 113 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2023)113
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2023)113