Abstract
The sensitivity of the lightest supersymmetric particle relic density calculation to different cosmological scenarios is discussed. In particular, we investigate the effects of modifications of the expansion rate and of the entropy content in the Early Universe. These effects, even with no observational consequences, can still drastically modify the relic density constraints on the SUSY parameter space. We suggest general parametrizations to evaluate such effects, and derive also constraints from Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. We show that using the relic density in the context of supersymmetric constraints requires a clear statement of the underlying cosmological model assumptions to avoid misinterpretations. On the other hand, we note that combining the relic density calculation with the eventual future discoveries at the LHC will hopefully shed light on the Very Early Universe properties.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
H. Goldberg, Constraint on the photino mass from cosmology, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 (1983) 1419 [SPIRES].
L.M. Krauss, New constraints on Ino masses from cosmology. 1. Supersymmetric inos, Nucl. Phys. B 227 (1983) 556 [SPIRES].
M. Srednicki, R. Watkins and K.A. Olive, Calculations of relic densities in the early universe, Nucl. Phys. B 310 (1988) 693 [SPIRES].
P. Gondolo and G. Gelmini, Cosmic abundances of stable particles: improved analysis, Nucl. Phys. B 360 (1991) 145 [SPIRES].
J. Edsjo and P. Gondolo, Neutralino relic density including coannihilations, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 1879 [hep-ph/9704361] [SPIRES].
M. Battaglia et al., Updated post-WMAP benchmarks for supersymmetry, Eur. Phys. J. C 33 (2004) 273 [hep-ph/0306219] [SPIRES].
R.R. de Austri, R. Trotta and L. Roszkowski, A Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis of the CMSSM, JHEP 05 (2006) 002 [hep-ph/0602028] [SPIRES].
B. Altunkaynak, M. Holmes and B.D. Nelson, Solving the LHC inverse problem with dark matter observations, JHEP 10 (2008) 013 [arXiv:0804.2899] [SPIRES].
R. Trotta, F. Feroz, M.P. Hobson, L. Roszkowski and R. Ruiz de Austri, The Impact of priors and observables on parameter inferences in the Constrained MSSM, JHEP 12 (2008) 024 [arXiv:0809.3792] [SPIRES].
M. Kamionkowski and M.S. Turner, Thermal relics: do we know their abundances?, Phys. Rev. D 42 (1990) 3310 [SPIRES].
F. Rosati, Quintessential enhancement of dark matter abundance, Phys. Lett. B 570 (2003) 5 [hep-ph/0302159] [SPIRES].
D. Comelli, M. Pietroni and A. Riotto, Dark energy and dark matter, Phys. Lett. B 571 (2003) 115 [hep-ph/0302080] [SPIRES].
P. Salati, Quintessence and the relic density of neutralinos, Phys. Lett. B 571 (2003) 121 [astro-ph/0207396] [SPIRES].
S. Profumo and P. Ullio, SUSY dark matter and quintessence, JCAP 11 (2003) 006 [hep-ph/0309220] [SPIRES].
R. Catena, N. Fornengo, A. Masiero, M. Pietroni and F. Rosati, Dark matter relic abundance and scalar-tensor dark energy, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 063519 [astro-ph/0403614] [SPIRES].
C. Pallis, Quintessential kination and cold dark matter abundance, JCAP 10 (2005) 015 [hep-ph/0503080] [SPIRES].
C. Pallis, Kination dominated reheating and cold dark matter abundance, Nucl. Phys. B 751 (2006) 129 [hep-ph/0510234] [SPIRES].
D.J.H. Chung, L.L. Everett, K. Kong and K.T. Matchev, Connecting LHC, ILC and quintessence, JHEP 10 (2007) 016 [arXiv:0706.2375] [SPIRES].
R.J. Scherrer and M.S. Turner, Decaying particles do not heat up the universe, Phys. Rev. D 31 (1985) 681 [SPIRES].
T. Moroi and L. Randall, Wino cold dark matter from anomaly-mediated SUSY breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 570 (2000) 455 [hep-ph/9906527] [SPIRES].
G.F. Giudice, E.W. Kolb and A. Riotto, Largest temperature of the radiation era and its cosmological implications, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 023508 [hep-ph/0005123] [SPIRES].
N. Fornengo, A. Riotto and S. Scopel, Supersymmetric dark matter and the reheating temperature of the universe, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 023514 [hep-ph/0208072] [SPIRES].
C. Pallis, Massive particle decay and cold dark matter abundance, Astropart. Phys. 21 (2004) 689 [hep-ph/0402033] [SPIRES].
G.B. Gelmini and P. Gondolo, Neutralino with the right cold dark matter abundance in (almost) any supersymmetric model, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 023510 [hep-ph/0602230] [SPIRES].
G. Gelmini, P. Gondolo, A. Soldatenko and C.E. Yaguna, The effect of a late decaying scalar on the neutralino relic density, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 083514 [hep-ph/0605016] [SPIRES].
M. Drees, H. Iminniyaz and M. Kakizaki, Constraints on the very early universe from thermal WIMP dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 76 (2007) 103524 [arXiv:0704.1590] [SPIRES].
A. Arbey and F. Mahmoudi, SUSY constraints from relic density: high sensitivity to pre-BBN expansion rate, Phys. Lett. B 669 (2008) 46 [arXiv:0803.0741] [SPIRES].
M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri and N. Sugiyama, Cosmological constraints on late-time entropy production, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 4168 [astro-ph/9811437] [SPIRES].
M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri and N. Sugiyama, MeV-scale reheating temperature and thermalization of neutrino background, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 023506 [astro-ph/0002127] [SPIRES].
S. Hannestad, What is the lowest possible reheating temperature?, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 043506 [astro-ph/0403291] [SPIRES].
K. Ichikawa, M. Kawasaki and F. Takahashi, The oscillation effects on thermalization of the neutrinos in the universe with low reheating temperature, Phys. Rev. D 72 (2005) 043522 [astro-ph/0505395] [SPIRES].
L. Kawano, Early universe 2. Primordial nucleosynthesis the computer way, FERMILAB-PUB-92-04-A.
C. Angulo et al., A compilation of charged-particle induced thermonuclear reaction rates, Nucl. Phys. A 656 (1999) 3 [SPIRES].
K. Jedamzik, Big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on hadronically and electromagnetically decaying relic neutral particles, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 103509 [hep-ph/0604251] [SPIRES].
F. Mahmoudi, SuperIso: a program for calculating the isospin asymmetry of B → K*γ in the MSSM, Comput. Phys. Commun. 178 (2008) 745 [arXiv:0710.2067] [SPIRES].
F. Mahmoudi, SuperIso v2.3: a program for calculating flavor physics observables in supersymmetry, Comput. Phys. Commun. 180 (2009) 1579 [arXiv:0808.3144] [SPIRES].
A. Arbey and F. Mahmoudi, SuperIso relic: a program for calculating relic density and flavor physics observables in supersymmetry, Comput. Phys. Commun. 181 (2010) 1277 [arXiv:0906.0369] [SPIRES].
WMAP collaboration, J. Dunkley et al., Five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: likelihoods and parameters from the WMAP data, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 180 (2009) 306 [arXiv:0803.0586] [SPIRES].
B.C. Allanach, SOFTSUSY: A C++ program for calculating supersymmetric spectra, Comput. Phys. Commun. 143 (2002) 305 [hep-ph/0104145] [SPIRES].
B.C. Allanach, G. Bélanger, F. Boudjema and A. Pukhov, Requirements on collider data to match the precision of WMAP on supersymmetric dark matter, JHEP 12 (2004) 020 [hep-ph/0410091] [SPIRES].
E.A. Baltz, M. Battaglia, M.E. Peskin and T. Wizansky, Determination of dark matter properties at high-energy colliders, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 103521 [hep-ph/0602187] [SPIRES].
L. Roszkowski, R. Ruiz de Austri and R. Trotta, Efficient reconstruction of CMSSM parameters from LHC data — A case study, arXiv:0907.0594 [SPIRES].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Arbey, A., Mahmoudi, F. SUSY constraints, relic density, and very early universe. J. High Energ. Phys. 2010, 51 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2010)051
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2010)051