Abstract
We compute the bulk viscosity in holographic models dual to theories with Lifshitz scaling and/or hyperscaling violation, using a generalization of the bulk viscosity formula derived in arXiv:1103.1657 from the null focusing equation. We find that only a class of models with massive vector fields are truly Lifshitz scale invariant, and have a vanishing bulk viscosity. For other holographic models with scalars and/or massless vector fields we find a universal formula in terms of the dynamical exponent and the hyperscaling violation exponent.
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Hoyos, C., Kim, B.S. & Oz, Y. Bulk viscosity in holographic Lifshitz hydrodynamics. J. High Energ. Phys. 2014, 50 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2014)050
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2014)050