Abstract
Marine invertebrates are a surprisingly rich source of oxidized fatty acid-derived substances known as oxylipins. They occur in many phyla of marine invertebrates, including Porifera, Coelenterata, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Urochordata. Many of the oxylipins obtained from these life forms are structurally unique and have no direct parallel to oxylipins from other sources. Consequently, the biosynthetic pathways responsible for their formation are also unique. Even those oxylipins of comparable structure to those occurring terrestrially are produced by novel biosynthetic pathways in marine organisms. Hence, biosynthetic studies of marine oxylipins are providing fundamental new insights into the scope and nature of oxylipin chemistry and metabolism. Further, study of the ecological and potentially useful pharmacological properties of these unique substances continues to provide new opportunities in medicine and biology.
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Abbreviations
- AA:
-
eicosa-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid = arachidonic acid
- ATP:
-
adenosine triphosphate
- CD:
-
circular dichroism
- COSY:
-
correlation spectroscopy
- diHETE:
-
dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- DMP:
-
4,6-dimethylpyrimidyl
- EPA:
-
eicosa-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-pentaenoic acid
- FAB:
-
fast atom bombardment
- FMRF:
-
Phe-Met-Arg-Phe
- FT-IR:
-
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- GC:
-
gas chromatography
- HEPE:
-
hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid
- HETE:
-
hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- HPETE:
-
hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- HPLC:
-
high performance liquid chromatography
- 5-HT:
-
5-hydroxytryptamine
- Hz:
-
Hertz
- IC50 :
-
concentration required for 50 percent inhibition
- IR:
-
infrared spectroscopy
- KETE:
-
ketoeicosatetraenoic acid
- LPO:
-
lipoxygenase
- LSC:
-
liquid scintillation counting
- LTB4 :
-
leukotriene B4
- MC:
-
(—)-menthoxycarbonyl
- MHFA:
-
monohydroxy fatty acids
- MS:
-
mass spectrometry
- NDGA:
-
nordihydroguaiaretic acid
- NMDA:
-
N-methyl-d-aspartate
- NMR:
-
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- ORD:
-
optical rotatory dispersion
- PC:
-
preclavulone
- PG:
-
prostaglandin
- ppb:
-
parts per billion
- R f :
-
retention factor
- RIA:
-
radioimmunoassay
- T/C:
-
(treatment/control) × 100
- THFA:
-
trihydroxy fatty acid
- TLC:
-
thin layer chromatography
- TMS:
-
trimethylsilyl
- UV:
-
ultraviolet
- W:
-
watt
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Gerwick, W.H., Nagle, D.G., Proteau, P.J. (1993). Oxylipins from marine invertebrates. In: Scheuer, P.J. (eds) Marine Natural Products — Diversity and Biosynthesis. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 167. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0034372
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0034372
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