Locating QTLs controlling adaptation in wheat using AMMI model

Summary

To locate QTLs controlling adaptation, wheat substitution lines of Cheyenne (Donor) into the genetic background of Chinese Spring (Recipient) were tested in a randomized completely block design with three replications under rainfed and irrigated conditions across two years. AMMI analysis showed a highly significant genotype × environment interaction indicating large variation among substitution lines and possible localization of QTLs controlling adaptation. The first and second IPCA were highly significant and covered 69% and 29% of the G × E interaction SS, respectively. According to the IPCA1 and IPCA2, QTLs controlling phenotypic stability were located on chromosomes 4A and 5A in the A genome, 4B in the B genome and 2D and 7D in the D genome. Biplot of IPC 1 and mean grain yield revealed that QTLs responsible for general adaptability (rainfed and irrigated conditions) are located on chromosome 4B with above average grain yield. G × E biplot between IPC1 and IPC2 exhibited that chromosomes 3A, 4A, 3D and 7D carry the genes monitoring specific adaptability for rainfed condition, while the QTLs controlling specific adaptation for irrigated condition are located on chromosome 1 A, 3B, ID, and 7D.