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The 55-kD Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor and CD95 Independently Signal Murine Hepatocyte Apoptosis and Subsequent Liver Failure

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Abstract

Background

Activation of either the 55-kD tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R1) or CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) causes apoptosis of cells and liver failure in mice, and has been associated with human liver disorders. The aim of this study was first to clarify the association between CD95 activation, hepatocyte apoptosis, and fulminant liver failure. Next, we investigated whether TNF-R1 and CD95 operate independently of each other in the induction of hepatocyte apoptosis.

Materials and Methods

Using both mice and primary liver cell cultures deficient in either TNF-R1 or functional CD95, the induction of apoptosis and hepatocyte death following activation of TNF-R1 or CD95 were studied in vitro and in various in vivo models of acute liver failure.

Results

In vivo or in vitro stimulation of CD95 caused apoptosis of wild-type (wt) murine hepatocytes which had not been sensitized by blocking transcription. Time course studies showed that DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation preceded, respectively, membrane lysis in vitro and necrosis in vivo. Similar results were obtained after CD95 activation in hepatocytes or livers lacking TNF-R1. Conversely, hepatocytotoxicity due to endogenous or exogenous TNF was not affected in animals or liver cell cultures lacking the expression of functional CD95.

Conclusions

TNF-R1 and CD95 are independent and differentially regulated triggers of murine apoptotic liver failure.

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Acknowledgments

The excellent technical assistance of S. Otte and M. Ullmann is gratefully acknowledged. We are indebted to Dr. P.-L. Nicotera (Konstanz) for stimulating discussion. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grants We686-15 and Til69/3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 5560 M668, D-78434, Konstanz, Germany

    Marcel Leist, Florian Gantner, Gerald Künstle, Ines Bohlinger, Gisa Tiegs & Albrecht Wendel

  2. F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland

    Horst Bluethmann

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  1. Marcel Leist
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  2. Florian Gantner
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  3. Gerald Künstle
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  4. Ines Bohlinger
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  5. Gisa Tiegs
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  6. Horst Bluethmann
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  7. Albrecht Wendel
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Contributed by E. Beutler on October 25, 1995.

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Leist, M., Gantner, F., Künstle, G. et al. The 55-kD Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor and CD95 Independently Signal Murine Hepatocyte Apoptosis and Subsequent Liver Failure. Mol Med 2, 109–124 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03402207

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