This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Adams, Keith 1994 Observations Made on the Ceramic Sherd Assemblage from the Magdalen Society Asylum, Philadelphia. Manuscript on file, Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
Advocate of Moral R Eform (Advocate) 1835 Advocate of Moral Reform 1 (September):70.
Agnew, Aileen Button 1988 Ceramics and the Sea Trade in Portsmouth, New Hampshire: 1765–1785. Northeast Historical Archaeology 17:40–60.
Albert, Lillian S., and Kathleen Kent 1949 The Complete Button Book. Doubleday, Garden City, New York.
Alexander, John K. 1980 Render Them Submissive: Responses to Poverty in Philadelphia, 1760–1800. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst.
Anderson, Amanda 1993 Tainted Souls and Painted Faces: The Rhetoric of Fallenne ss in Victorian Culture. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Ardener, Edwin 1975a Belief and the Problem of Women. In Perceiving Women, edited by Shirley Ardener, pp. 1–17. Dent, London.
Ardener, Edwin 1975b The Problem Revisited. In Perceiving Women, edited by Shirley Ardener, pp. 19–27. Dent, London.
Axtell, James 1987 The Power of Print in the Eastern Woodlands. William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd series, 44:300–309.
Axtell, James 1992 Beyond 1492: Encounters in Colonial North America. Oxford University Press, New York.
Babcock, Barbara A. 1978 Too Many, Too Few: Ritual Modes of Signification. Semiotica 23(3–4):291–302.
Bacon, John M. 1991 Cellars, Garrets, and Related Spaces in Philadelphia Houses, 1750–1850. Report prepared by Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia. Submitted to Friends of Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia.
Baker, Steven 1983 A Quantitative Archaeological Study of the “ Sporting Subculture“: The Victorian Brothels of Ouray, Colorado. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Denver, Colorado.
Barrett, John C. 1987a Contextual Archaeology. Antiquity 61:468–473.
Barrett, John C. 1987b Fields of Discourse-Reconstituting a Social Archaeology. Critique ofAnthropology 7:5–16.
Basallk, Kenneth J. 1980 The McIlvaine House: An Analysis of Historical Archaeology. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Baugher, Sherene, Edward J. Lenik, Thomas Amorosi, Diane Dallal, Judith Guston, Donald A. Plotts, and Robert W. Venables 1990 The Archaeological Investigation of the City Hall Park Site, Manhattan. Report prepared by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Submitted to the New York City Department of General Services, New York.
Beaudry, Mary C. 1984a Archaeology and the Historical Household. Man in the Northeast 28:27–38.
Beaudry, Mary C. 1984b Excavations at the Wilkinson Backlot: A Preliminary Report. Occasional Paper No. 1. Center for Archaeological Studies, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Beaudry, Mary C. 1994 “Above Vulgar Economy”: Material Culture and Social Positioning among Newburyport's Merchant Elite. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Beaudry, Mary C. (Editor) 1988 Documentary Archaeology in the New World. New Directions in Archaeology Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Beaudry, Mary C., Lauren J. Cook, and Stephen A. Mrozowski 1991 Artifacts and Active Voices: Material Culture as Social Discourse. In The Archaeology of Inequality, edited by Randall H. McGuire and Robert Paynter, pp. 150–191. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Beecher, Catherine 1977 A Treatise on Domestic Economy. Reprint of 1841 edition. Introduction by Kathryn Kish Sklar. Schocken, New York.
Bell, Catherine 1992 Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. Oxford University Press, New York.
Bell, Edward L. 1994 Vestiges of Mortality and Remembrance: A Bibliography on the Historical Archaeology of Cemeteries. Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey.
Bell, Marion L. 1977 Crusade in the City: Revivalism in 19th-Century Philadelphia. Bucknell University Press, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.
Berg, Barbara J. 1978 The Remembered Gate: Origins of American Feminism; The Woman and the City, 1800–1860. Oxford University Press, New York.
Berkin, Carol 1985 Clio in Search of Her Daughters/Women in Search of Their Past. Liberal Education 71(3):205–215.
Biddle, Edward C., and John Biddle 1848 M'Elroy’s Philadelphia Directory for 1848. Isaac Ashmead, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Blomberg, Belinda, With Philip J. Carstairs, Patrick O'Bannon, Diane Newbury, and Cheryl Holt 1990 Archaeological Data Recovery in the Vicinity of 12th and Arch Streets at the Site of the Philadelphia Convention Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Report prepared by John Milner Associates, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Philadelphia Industrial Development Corporation, Philadelphia.
Blumin, Stuart M. 1989 The Emergence of the Middle Class: Social Experience in the American City, 1760–1900. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Bond, Kathleen H. 1989 The Medicine, Alcohol, and Soda Vessels from the Boott Mills. In Interdisciplinary Investigations of the Boott Mills, Lowell, Massachusetts. Vol. 3, The Boarding House System as a Way of Life, edited by Mary C. Beaudry and Stephen A. Mrozowski. Cultural Resource Management Study No. 21:121–140. North Atlantic Regional Office, National Park Service, Boston, Massachusetts.
Boorstin, Daniel J. 1948 The Lost World of Thomas Jefferson. Beacon Press, Boston, Massachusetts.
Bourdieu, Pierre 1990 The Logic of Practice, translated by Richard Nice. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.
Bower, Beth A., Sheila Charles, John Cheney, and Woodard Openo 1986 The “ Stone Jail” Site, Roxbury, Massachusetts: Report on the Phase III Excavation. Unpublished report for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, Boston, Massachusetts.
Boylan, Anne M. 1984 Women in Groups: An Analysis of Women's Benevolent Organizations in New York and Boston, 1797–1840. Journal ofAmerican History 71 (December): 497–523.
Boylan, Anne M. 1988 Sunday School: The Formation of an American lnstitution, 1790–1880. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Boylan, Anne M. 1993 Evangelical Womanhood in the 19th Century: The Role of Women in Sunday Schools. In History of Women in the United States. Vol. 13, Religion, edited by Nancy F. Cott, pp. 94–111. K. G. Saur, Munich.
Bragdon, Kathleen J. 1988 The Material Culture of the Christian Indians of New England, 1650–1775. In Documentary Archaeology in the New World, edited by Mary C. Beaudry, pp. 126–131. New Directions in Archaeology Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Branagan, Thomas 1812 The Charms of Benevolence, and Patriotic Mentor. Reprint of 1810 edition. N.p., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Bridenbaugh, Carl 1955 Cities in Revolt: Urban Life in America, 1743–1776. Knopf, New York.
Bronitsky, Gordon, Alan Marks, and Cindy Burleson 1985 Baptist and Boundaries: Lessons from Baptist Material Culture. In The Archaeology of Frontiers and Boundaries, edited by Stanton Green and Stephen Perlman, pp. 325–340. Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
Busch, Jane 1983 Philadelphia Kitchens: A Special Report with Recommendations for the Bishop White and Todd Houses. Report prepared by Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia. Submitted to Friends of Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia.
Busch, Jane 1987 Second Time Around: A Look at Bottle Reuse. Historical Archaeology 21(1):67–80.
Carlisle, Marcia R. 1982 Prostitutes and Their Reformers in 19th-Century Philadelphia. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Carlisle, Marcia R. 1986 Disorderly City, Disorderly Women: Prostitution in Ante-Bellum Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 110:549–568.
Catts, Wade P., Kevin W. Cunningham, and Jay F. Custer 1983 Archaeological Investigations at the Welsh Tract School, District No. 54, Newark, New Castle County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 22. Dover, Delaware.
Catts, Wade P., and Jay F. Custer 1990 Tenant Farmers, Stone Masons, and Black Laborers: Final Archaeological Investigations of the Thomas Williams Site, Glasgow, New Castle County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 82. Dover, Delaware.
Catts, Wade P., Jay Hodny, and Jay F. Custer 1989 “ The Place at Christeen”: Phase I and II Archaeological Investigations of the Patterson Lane Site Complex, Christiana, New Castle County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 74. Dover, Delaware.
Clarkson, Matthew 1795 An Address to the Citizens of Philadelphia, Respecting the Better Government of Youth. On file, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Cogan, Frances B. 1989 All-American Girl: The Ideal of Real Womanhood in Mid-19th-Century America. University of Georgia Press, Athens.
Coleman, Ellis C., Wade P. Catts, Angela Hoseth, and Jay F. Custer 1990 Final Archaeological Investigations at the John Ruth Inn Site, 7NC-D-126, Red Mill Road and Routes 4 and 273, Ogletown, New Castle County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 77. Dover, Delaware.
Conkey, Margaret, and Joan Gero (EDITORS) 1991 Engendering Archaeology: Women in Prehistory. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Conkey, Margaret, and Janet Spector 1984 Archaeology and the Study of Gender. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 7:1–38. Michael B. Schiffer, editor. Serial Publication Series. Academic Press, New York.
Cook, Lauren J. 1989 Tobacco-Related Material and the Construction of Working-Class Culture. In Interdisciplinary Investigations of the Boott Mills, Lowell, Massachusetts. Vol. 3, The Boarding House System as a Way of Life, edited by Mary C. Beaudry and Stephen A. Mrozowski. Cultural Resource Management Study No. 21:209–230. North Atlantic Regional Office, National Park Service, Boston, Massachusetts.
Copeland, Peter F. 1977 Working Dress in Colonial and Revolutionary America. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut.
Cott, Nancy F. 1977 The Bonds of Womanhood: “Women’s Sphere” in New England, 1780–1835. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Cott, Nancy F. 1978 Passionlessness: An Interpretation of Victorian Sexual Ideology, 1790–1850. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 4(2):219–236.
Cotter, John L., Roger W. Moss, Bruce C. Gill, and Jiyul Kim 1988 The Walnut Street Prison Workshop. The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Cotter, John L., Daniel G. Roberts, and Michael Parrington 1992 The Buried Past: An Archaeological History of Philadelphia. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia.
Crosby, Constance A. 1988 From Myth to History, or Why King Philip's Ghost Walks Abroad. In The Recovery of Meaning: Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States, edited by Mark P. Leone and Parker B. Potter, Jr., pp. 183–209. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Csiksentmihalyi, Mihalyi, and Eugene Rochberg-Halton 1981 The Meaning of Things. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Cunnington, Phillis, and Catherine Lucas 1978 Charity Costumes of Children, Scholars, Almsfolk, Pensioners. Barnes and Noble, New York.
Curran, Patricia 1989 Grace Before Meals: Food Ritual and Body Discipline in Convent Culture. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.
Cuyler, C. C. 1859 Robert Ralston. In The Lives of Eminent Philadelphians, Now Deceased, from Original and Authentic Sources, edited by Henry Simpson, pp. 825–826. William Brotherhead, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Daily Sun [Philadelphia] 1851 No title. Daily Sun, 25 April.
Davis, Susan G. 1986 Parades and Power: Street Theatre in 19th-Century Philadelphia. Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
De Cunzo, Lu Ann 1989 Preliminary Report on Phase II, Part A, Archaeological Investigations at the Site of the Futures Center, the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Report prepared by Clio Group, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Submitted to the Franklin Institute Science Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvanias.
De Cunzo, Lu Ann 1994 On Reforming Prostitutes and Beyond: The Men, Women, and Material Culture of the Magdalen Society, 1800–1916. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Vancouver, British Columbia.
De Cunzo, Lu Ann, and Joel T. Fry 1989 Final Phase II Report: Cultural Resources Survey of the Magdalen Society Site at the Site of the Futures Center, the Franklin Institute Science Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 36Ph33. Report prepared by Clio Group, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Submitted to The Franklin Institute Science Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
De Cunzo, Lu Ann, Angela Hoseth, Jay Hodny, Joann E. Jamison, Wade P. Catts, and David C. Bachman 1992 Final Archaeological Investigations at the John Darrach Store Site, Delaware Route 6-Woodland Beach Road, Smyrna Section, Delaware Route 1 Corridor, Kent County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 93. Dover, Delaware.
De Cunzo, Lu Ann, Therese O'Malley, Michael J. Lewis, George E. Thomas, and Christa Wilmanns-Wells 1996 Father Rapp's Garden at Economy: Harmony Society Culture in Microcosm. In Landscape Archaeology: Studies in Reading and Interpreting the American Historical Landscape, edited by Rebecca Yamin and Karen B. Metheny. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, in press.
Deetz, James F. 1963 Archaeological Investigations at La Purisima Mission. UCLA Archaeological Survey Annual Report, 1962–1963: 163–208. University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
Deetz, James F. 1977 In Small Things Forgotten: The Archaeology of Early American Life. Anchor/Doubleday, Garden City, New York.
Deetz, James F., and Patricia E. Scott 1994 Documents, Historiography, and Material Culture in Historical Archaeology. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Desilver, Robert 1829 Desilver's Philadelphia Directory and Stranger’s Guide. James Maxwell, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Desilver, Robert 1837 DeSilver's Philadelphia Directory and Stranger’s Guide. James Maxwell, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Diethorn, Karle 1986 Domestic Servants in Philadelphia, 1780–1830. Report prepared by Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Friends of Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Dingley, Robert 1758 Proposals for Establishing a Public Place of Receptionfor Penitent Prostitutes. N.p., London.
Dorman, Charles G. 1961 Descriptive List of Proposed Furnishings. In Furnishing Plan for the Bishop White House, edited by Independence National Historical Park staff. Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Douglas, Mary 1966 Purity And Danger: An Analysis Of Concepts Of Pollution And Taboo. Frederick A. Praeger, New York.
Douglas, Mary 1982 Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology. Reprint of 1970 edition, with a new introduction. Pantheon, New York.
Douglas, Mary, and Baron Isherwood 1979 The World of Goods. W. W. Norton, New York.
Downes, John 1849 Bywater's Philadelphia Business Directory and City Guide for 1849. Maurice Bywater, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Drewal, Margaret Thompson 1992 Yoruba Ritual: Performers, Play, and Agency. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
Dudden, Faye E. 1983 Serving Women: Household Service in 19th-Century America. Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, Connecticut.
Ettema, Michael J. 1991 The Fashion System in American Furniture. In Living in a Material World, Canadian and American Approaches to Material Culture, edited by Gerald L. Pocius. Social and Economic Papers No. 19:189–198. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's.
Feister, Lois 1991 The Orphanage at Schuyler Mansion. Northeast Historical Archaeology 20:27–36.
Feldberg, Michael 1975 The Philadelphia Riots of 1844: A Study of Ethnic Conflict. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut.
Feldberg, Michael 1980 The Turbulent Era: Riot and Disorder in Jacksonian America. Oxford University Press, New York.
Ferguson, Leland 1992 Uncommon Ground: Archaeology and Early African America, 1650–1800. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Firth, Raymond 1973 Symbols, Public and Private. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Fotiadas, Michael 1994 What Is Archaeology's “Mitigated Objectivism” Mitigated by? Comments on Wylie. American Antiquity 59:545–555.
Foucault, Michel 1978 TheHistory of Sexuality. Vol. 1, An Introduction, translated by Robert Hurley. Pantheon, New York.
Foucault, Michel 1979 Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, translated by Alan Sheridan. Vintage, New York.
Freedman, Estelle B. 1981 Their Sisters' Keepers: Women's Prison Reform in America, 1830–1940. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
Gal, Susan 1991 Between Speech and Silence: The Problematics of Research on Language and Gender. In Gender at the Crossroads ofKnowledge: Feminist Anthropology in the Postmodern Era, edited by Micaela di Leonardo, pp. 175–203. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Garman, James C. 1994 Viewing the Color Line Through the Material Culture of Death. Historical Archaeology 28(3):74–93.
Geertz, Clifford 1973 The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic, New York.
Geffen, Elizabeth M. 1982 Industrial Development and Social Crisis, 1841–1854. In Philadelphia: A300-Year History. edited by Russell F. Weigley, pp. 307–362. W. W. Norton, New York.
Gibbons, Hughes O. 1905 A History of Old Pine Street. John C. Winston, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Giddens, Anthony 1979 Central Problems in Social Theory. Macmillan, London.
Giddens, Anthony 1981 A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Macmillan, London.
Giddens, Anthony 1984 TheConstitution of Society. Polity Press, Oxford.
Gilchrist, Roberta 1988 The Spatial Archaeology of Gender Domains: A Case Study of Medieval English Nunneries. Archaeological Review from Cambridge 7:21–29.
Ginzberg, Lori D. 1994 Gender and Material Culture: The Archaeology of Religious Women. Routledge, New York.
Ginzberg, Lori D. 1990 Women and the Work ofBenevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the 19th-Century United States. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticuts.
Goffman, Erving 1961 Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates. Aldine, Chicago, Illinois.
Gouverneur, Emerson 1831 Medical Statistics; Consisting of Estimates Relating to the Population of Philadelphia, with Its Changes as Influenced by the Deaths and Births, During 10 Years, viz. from 1821 to 1830, including Philadelphia. J. R. A. Skerret, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Graffam, Gray 1982 The Use of Pattern in Student Material Culture: A Preliminary Report from Harvard Yard. North American Archaeologist 3:207–224.
Gramsci, Antonio 1971 Selections from the Prison Notebooks. International, New York.
Grettler, David J. 1991 The Landscape of Reform: Society, Environment, and Agricultural Reform in Central Delaware, 1790–1840. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
Grimes, Ronald L. 1982 Beginnings in Ritual Studies. University Press of America, Washington, D.C.
Grimes, Ronald L. 1990 Ritual Criticism: Case Studies in Its Practice, Essays on Its Theory. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia.
Guss, David M. 1989 To Weave and Sing: Art, Symbol, and Narrative in the South American Rain Forest. University of California Press, Berkeley
Hall, Martin 1992 Small Things and the Mobile, Conllictual Fusion of Power, Fear, and Desire. In The Art and Mystery of Historical Archaeology: Essays in Honor of James Deetz, edited by Anne E. Yentsch and Mary C. Beaudry, pp. 373–399. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Halttunen, Karen 1982 Confidence Men and Painted Women: A Study of Middle-Class Culture in America, 1830–1870. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Hartman, Louis F. 1963 Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Bible. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Haviland, John 1842 Letter to I. Louis Tellkampf, II October 1842. John Haviland Papers. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Hawkesworth, Mary E. 1989 Knowers, Knowing, Known: Feminist Theory and Claims of Truth. Signs: Journal ofWomen in Culture and Society 14(3):533–557.
Herman, Bernard L. 1985 Multiple Materials, Multiple Meanings: The Fortunes of Thomas Mendenhall. Winterthur Portfolio 19(1):67–86.
Hershberg, Theodore 1981 Free Blacks in Antebellum Philadelphia: A Study of Ex-Slaves, Freeborn, and Socioeconomic Decline. In Philadelphia: Work, Space, Family, and Group Experience in the 19th Century, edited by Theodore Hershberg, pp. 368–391. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Hewitt, Nancy A. 1984 Women's Activism and Social Change: Rochester, New York, 1822–1872. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Hobson, Barbara Meil 1987 Uneasy Virtue: The Politics of Prostitution and the American Reform Tradition. Basic, New York.
Hodder, Ian 1989a Post-modernism, Post-structuralism, and Post-processual Archaeology. In The Meanings of Things: Material Culture and Symbolic Expression, edited by Ian Hodder, pp. 64–78. Unwin Hyman, London.
Hodder, Ian 1989b This Is Not an Article about Material Culture as Text. Journal ofAnthropological Archaeology 8:250–269.
Hoseth, Angela, Colleen D. Leithren, Wade P. Catts, Ellis C. Coleman, and Jay F. Custer 1990 Final Phase III Investigations of the A. Temple Site (7NC-D-68), Chestnut Hill Road (Route 4), Ogletown, New Castle County, Delaware. Delaware Department of Transportation Archaeology Series No. 81. Dover, Delaware.
Independence National Historical Park (INHP) [1960s] Archaeological Research Files, Bishop William White House. On file, Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Independent Gazette [Philadelphia] (IG) 1789 Casca. Independent Gazette, 28 April.
Ingersoll, Daniel, Jr. 1987 Introduction. In Mirror and Metaphor: Material and Social Constructions of Reality, edited by Daniel Ingersoll, Jr., and Gordon Bronitsky, pp. 1–13. University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland.
Isaac, Rhys 1992 Imagination and Material Culture: The Enlightenment on a Mid-18th-Century Virginia Plantation. In The Art and Mystery of Historical Archaeology: Essays in Honor of James Deetz, edited by Anne E. Yentsch and Mary C. Beaudry, pp. 401–423. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Jackson, Joseph 1931 Encyclopedia of Philadelphia, Vol. 2. National Historical Association, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Jensen, Joan 1986 Loosening the Bonds: Mid-Atlantic Farm Women, 1750–1850. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Johnson, Deirdre C. 1990 What's New and What's Original in the Todd and Bishop White Houses. Manuscript on file, Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Jones, Olive R. 1986 Cylindrical English Wine and Beer Bottles, 1735–1850. Studies in Archaeology, Architecture, and History. Environment Canada-Parks, Ottawa.
Katz, Michael B. 1986 In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in America. Basic, New York.
Kelly, John D., and Martha Kaplan 1990 History, Structure, and Ritual. Annual Review of Anthropology 19:119–150.
Kerber, Linda K. 1988 Separate Spheres, Female Worlds, Women's Place: The Rhetoric of Women's History. Journal of American History 75(1):9–39.
Kidwell, Claudia B., and Margaret C. Christman 1974 Suiting Everyone: The Democratization of Clothing in America. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Kimball, David A. 1961a Historical Narrative. In Furnishing Plan for the Bishop White House, edited by Independence National Historical Park staff. Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Kimball, David A. 1961b Documented Accounts of Historic Furnishings. In Furnishing Plan for the Bishop White House, edited by Independence National Historical Park staff. Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Kite, Benjamin, and Thomas Kite 1814 Kite’s Philadelphia Directory for 1814. N.p., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Klein, Terry H. 1991 Nineteenth-Century Ceramics and Models of Consumer Behavior. Historical Archaeology 25(2):7791.
“Lady Of Distinction” 1815 The Mirror of the Graces; Or, the English Lady's Costume. I. Riley, New York.
Lapsansky, Emma Jones 1975 South Street, Philadelphia, 1762-1854: “A Haven for Those Low in the World.” Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of American Civilization, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Laurie, Bruce 1974 “Nothing on Compulsion”: Life Styles of Philadelphia Artisans, 1820–1850. Labor History 15:33–9366.
Laurie, Bruce 1980 Working People of Philadelphia, 1800–1850. Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Lemon, James T. 1972 “The Best Poor Man's Country”: A Geographical Study of Early Southeastern Pennsylvania. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
Leone, Mark P. 1973 Archaeology as the Science of Technology: Mormon Town Plans and Fences. In Research and Theory in Current Archaeology, edited by Charles Redman, pp. 125–150. John Wiley, New York.
Leone, Mark P. 1977a The New Mormon Temple in Washington, D.C. In Historical Archaeology and the Importance of Material Things, edited by Leland Ferguson. Special Publication Series 2:43–61. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania.
Leone, Mark P. 1977b The Role of Primitive Technology in 19th-Century American Utopias. In Material Culture: Styles, Organization, and Dynamics of Technology, edited by Heather Lechtman and Robert S. Merrill, pp. 87–107. West, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Leone, Mark P. 1988 The Georgian Order as the Order of Merchant Capitalism in Annapolis, Maryland. In The Recovery of Meaning: Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States, edited by Mark P. Leone and Parker B. Potter, Jr., pp. 235–264. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Lerner, Gerda 1975 Placing Women in History: Definitions and Challenges. Feminist Studies 3(1–2):5–14.
Leslie, Miss [Eliza] 1840 The House Book: Or, a Manual of Domestic Economy. Carey and Hart, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Levy, Barry 1988 Quakers and the American Family: British Settlement in the Delaware Valley, 1650–1765. Oxford University Press, New York.
Lewis, Scott Paul 1984 An Approach to the Archaeology of Vice: The North Street Red Light District in 19th-Century Boston. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Williamsburg, Virginia.
Lincoln, Bruce 1989 Discourse and the Construction of Society: Comparative Studies ofMyth, Ritual, and Classification. Oxford University Press, New York.
Little, Barbara J. 1992a Explicit and Implicit Meanings in Material Culture and Print Culture. In Meanings and Uses of Material Culture (Special Issue), edited by Barbara J. Little and Paul A. Shackel. Historical Archaeology 26(3): 85–94.
Little, Barbara J. 1992b Texts, Images, Material Culture. In Text-Aided Archaeology, edited by Barbara J. Little, pp. 217–221. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Little, Barbara J. 1994 Consider the Hermaphroditic Mind: Comment on “The Interplay of Evidential Constraints and Political Interests: Recent Archaeological Research on Gender.“ American Antiquity 59:539–544.
Little, Barbara J. (Editor) 1992c Text-Aided Archaeology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Lofland, Lyn H. 1973 A World of Strangers: Order and Action in Public Space. Basic, New York.
Louis Berger and Associates, Inc. (LBA) 1991 The Meadow Site (36PH35); Archaeological Data Recovery Program, 1-95 Completion Project, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, VoI 1. Report prepared by Cultural Resource Group, Louis Berger and Associates, Inc. West Chester. Submitted to Urban Engineers, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Luscomb, Sally C. 1967 The Collector's Encyclopedia of Buttons. Crown, New York.
Mackiewicz, Susan 1988 Philadelphia Flourishing: The Material Worlds of Philadelphians, 1682–1760. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, University of Delaware, Newark. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP) 1800-1850 Minutes of the Board of Managers, Vols. 1–5. (BMM) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1802 Act of Incorporation. (AI) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)[1807] Advice to a Magdalen. (Advice) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1818-1850 Annual Report of the Magdalen Society of Philadelphia. (AR) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1829-1834 Matron's Diary of Daily Occurrences, Vol. 2. (MD) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1836-1850 Register and Records of Admissions and Discharges, Vol. I. (Register) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1837-1850 Minutes of Annual Meetings, Vol. 3. (MAM) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Magdalen Society of Philadelphia (MSP)1844 Come Now, and Let Us Reason Together. Joseph Rakestraw, Philadelphia. (Come) Manuscript Collection No. 2016. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Majewski, Teresita, and Michael J. O’Brien 1987 The Use and Misuse of 19th-Century English and American Ceramics in Archaeological Analysis. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 11:97–209. Michael B. Schiffer, editor. Serial Publication Series. Academic Press, New York.
Mann, Dennis Alan 1980 Ritual in Architecture: The Celebration of Life. In Rituals and Ceremonies in Popular Culture, edited by Ray B. Brown, pp. 61–80. Bowling Green University Popular Press, Bowling Green, Ohio.
McCarthy, John P., Evelyn M. Tidlow, George Cress, and Stephanie Pinter 1987 Vine Street Expressway, C. R. 67045: Archaeological Data Recovery in the Block Bounded by 9th, 10th, Vine, and Winter Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Vol. I. Report prepared by John Milner Associates, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Philadelphia.
McCarthy, John P., and Jeanne A. Ward 1991 A Historic Archaeological Evaluation of the Philadelphia Gateway Development Parcel (Vine Street Block 32), Vine (Summer) to Spring Streets, and 15th to 16th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Report prepared by John Milner Associates, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Realen Gateway Development Associates, Berwin, Pennsylvania.
McCarthy, Kathleen D. 1990a Parallel Power Structures: Women and the Voluntary Sphere. In Lady Bountiful Revisited: Women, Philanthropy, and Power, edited by Kathleen D. McCarthy, pp. 1–31. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
McCarthy, Kathleen D. (Editor) 1990b Lady Bountiful Revisited: Women, Philanthropy, and Power. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
McCarthy, Maria Caritas 1960 The Rulefor Nuns ofSt. Caesarius ofAries:A Translation with a Critical Introduction. N.p., Washington, D.C.
McCracken, Grant 1988 Culture and Consumption: New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of Consumer Goods and Activities. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
McDowall’s Journal 1834 Letter. McDowall's Journal 2 (April):26–27.
McEwan, Bonnie G. 1991 San Luis de Talimali: The Archaeology of SpanishIndian Relations at a Florida Mission. Historical Archaeology 25(3):36–60.
McGuire, Randall 1988 Dialogues with the Dead: Ideology and the Cemetery. In The Recovery of Meaning: Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States, edited by Mark P. Leone and Parker B. Potter, Jr., pp. 435–474. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
McKearin, George P., and Helen Mckearin 1948 American Glass. Crown, New York.
McKearin, Helen, and Kenneth M. Wilson 1978 American Bottles and Flasks and Their Ancestry. Crown, New York.
McLean, Elizabeth 1984 Town and Country Gardens in 18th-Century Philadelphia. In British and American Gardens in the 18th Century (Special Issue), edited by Robert P. Maccubbin and Peter Martin. Eighteenth-Century Life 8(2):136–147.
M'Elroy, Archibald 1839 A. M'Elroy’s Philadelphia Directory for 1839. Isaac Ashmead, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Merish, Lori 1993 “The Hand of Refined Taste” in the Frontier landscape: Caroline Kirkland's ANew Home, Who'll Follow? and the Feminization of American Consumerism. American Quarterly 45:485–523.
Miller, Daniel 1987 Material Culture and Mass Consumption. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Miller, George L. 1980 Classification and Economic Scaling of 19th-Century Ceramics. Historical Archaeology 14:1–41.
Miller, George L. 1991 A Revised Set of CC Index Values for Classification and Economic Scaling of English Ceramics from 1787 to 1880. Historical Archaeology 25(1):1–25.
Miller, George L. 1992 TPQ List: Ceramics. Manuscript on file, Center for Archaeological Research, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
Miller, George L. 1993 Demand Entropy as a Byproduct of Price Competition: A Case Study from Staffordshire. Paper presented at the School of American Research Seminar: The Historical Archaeology of Capitalism, Tucson, Arizona.
Miller, George L. 1994 New York Importers and the Country Trade, 1807–1886. Manuscript on file with the author.
Miller, George L., and Robert R. Hunter, Jr. 1990 English Shell Edged Earthenware: Alias Leeds Ware, Alias Feather Edge. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Wedgwood International Seminar, 1990:107–136.
Miller, Henry M. 1988 Baroque Cities in the Wilderness: Archaeology and Urban Development in the Colonial Chesapeake. Historical Archaeology 22(2):57–73.
Miller, Henry M., and Timothy B. Riordan 1994 Project Lead Coffins: Summary of Findings. Manuscript on file, Historic St. Mary's City Commission, St. Mary's City, Maryland.
M’Mahon, Bernard 1976 McMahon's American Gardener. Reprint of 1857 edition. Funk and Wagnalls, New York.
Moore, Henrietta 1986 Space, Text, and Gender: An Anthropological Study of the Marakwet of Kenya. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Moore, Henrietta 1988 Feminism and Anthropology. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
Moore, Henrietta 1990 Paul Ricoeur: Action, Meaning and Text. In Reading Material Culture, edited by Christopher Tilley, pp. 85–120. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Moore, Sally F., and Barbara G. Myerhoff 1977 Introduction. Secular Ritual: Forms and Meanings. In Secular Ritual, edited by Sally F. Moore and Barbara G. Myerhoff, pp. 3–24. Van Gorcum, Amsterdam.
Moran, Geoffrey P., Edward F. Zimmer, and Anne E. Yentsch 1982 Archaeological Investigations at the Narbonne House, Salem Maritime National Historical Site, Massachusetts. Cultural Resources Management Study No.6. North Atlantic Regional Office, National Park Service, Boston, Massachusetts.
Morey, Ann-Janine 1992 Religion and Sexuality in American Literature. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Morgen, Sandra 1989 Gender and Anthropology: Introductory Essay. In Gender and Anthropology: Critical Reviews for Research and Teaching, edited by Sandra Morgen, pp. 1–20. American Anthropological Association, Washington, D.C.
Mrozowski, Stephen A. 1984 Prospects and Perspectives on an Archaeology of the Household. Man in the Northeast 27:31–49.
Myerhoff,Barbara G. 1977 We Don't Wrap Herring in a Printed Page: Fusion, Fictions, and Continuity in Secular Ritual. In Secular Ritual, edited by Sally F. Moore and Barbara G. Myerhoff, pp. 199–226. Van Gorcum, Amsterdam.
Nash, Gary B. 1988 Forging Freedom: The Formation of Philadelphia’s Black Community, 1720–1840. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Nash, Stanley 1984 Prostitution and Charity: The Magdalen Hospital, a Case Study. Journal of Social History 17:617–628.
Noel Hume, Ivor 1970 A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
O’Brien, John 1840 O'Brien's Commercial lntelligencer, City and Country Merchants’ Wholesale Business Directory for 1840. O'Brien, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
O'Brien, Patricia 1989 Michel Foucault's History of Culture. In The New Cultural History, edited by Lynn Hunt, pp. 25–46. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Olsen, Bjornar 1990 Roland Barthes: From Sign to Text. In Reading Material Culture, edited by Christopher Tilley, pp. 163–205. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Orr, James (Editor) 1939 The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol. 3. William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Minnesota.
Parkes, Mrs. William 1828 Domestic Duties; Or Instructions to Young Married Ladies. First American edition from the third London edition. J. and J. Harper, New York.
Paxton, John A. 1819 The Philadelphia Directory and Register for 1819. N.p., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Paynter, Robert, and Randall H. McGuire 1991 The Archaeology of Inequality: Material Culture, Domination, and Resistance. In The Archaeology of Inequality, edited by Randall H. McGuire and Robert Paynter, pp. 1–27. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Pena, Elizabeth S. 1992 Educational Archaeology: Historical Investigations at Schoolhouse 12 in the Town of LeRay, Jefferson County. The Bulletin; Journal of the New York State Archaeological Association 103(Spring):10–19.
Pennsylvania Gazette [Philadelphia] (PG) 1812 The Earthquake. Pennsylvania Gazette, 5 February: 1.
Pennsylvania Horticultural Society 1831 Report of the Committee Appointed by the Horticultural Society of Pennsylvania for Visiting the Nurseries and Gardens in the Vicinity of Philadelphia13th July 1830. The Register of Pennsylvania, 12 February:105–111; 19 February:128.
Pennsylvania Horticultural Society 1976 From Seed to Flower: Philadelphia, 1681–1876, a Horticultural Point of View. Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, Philadelphia.
Philadelphia Contributionship 1857 Survey. Policy No. 9,858. Philadelphia Contributionship, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia Contributionship 1858 Survey. Policy No. 10,024. Philadelphia Contributionship, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia Society 1806 Constitution of the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons. Joseph Cruikshank, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Pierce, Charles 1847 A Meteorological Account of the Weather in Philadelphia, from January 1, 1790, to January 1, 1847. Lindsay and Blakiston, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Potter, Parker B., Jr. 1992a Critical Archaeology: In the Ground and on the Street. In Meanings and Uses of Material Culture (Special Issue), edited by Barbara J. Little and Paul A. ShackeI. Historical Archaeology 26(3):117–129.
Potter, Parker B., Jr. 1992b Middle-Range Theory, Ceramics and Capitalism in 19th-Century Rockbridge County, Virginia. In Text-Aided Archaeology, edited by Barbara J. Little, pp. 9–24. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Praetzellls, Adrian, Mary Praetzellls, and Marley Brown III 1987 Artifacts as Symbols of Identity: An Example from Sacramento's Gold Rush Era Chinese Community. In Living in Cities: Current Research in Urban Archaeology, edited by Edward Staski, pp. 38–47. Special Publication Series 5. Society for Historical Archaeology, California, Pennsylvania.
Purser, Margaret 1991 ldSeveral Paradise Ladies are Visiting in Town“: Gender Strategies in the Early Industrial West. In Gender in Historical Archaeology (Special Issue), edited by Donna J. Seifert. Historical Archaeology 25(4):6–16.
Rapoport, Amos 1982 The Meaning of the Built Environment; A Nonverbal Communication Approach. Sage, Beverly Hills, California.
Richards, Audrey I. 1982 Chisungu: A Girl' s Initiation Ceremony among the Bemba of Zambia. Second edition. Tavistock, London.
Richardson, Edgar P. 1982 The Athens of America, 1800–1825. In Philadelphia: A 300-Year History, edited by Russell F. Weigley, pp. 208–257. W. W. Norton, New York.
Riordan, Timothy B. 1989 Preliminary Report on the 1988 Excavations in the Chapel Field at St. Mary's City. Manuscript on file, Historic St. Mary's City Commission, St. Mary's City, Maryland.
Roberts, Daniel G., and Betty J. Cosans 1980 The Archaeology of the 19th Century in the Ninth Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Report prepared by John Milner Associates, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Market Street East Development Corporation, Philadelphia.
Roberts, Daniel G., and Michael Parrington (Editors) 1985 Archaeological Investigations in Association with the Center City Commuter Rail Connector: A Study of 19th-Century Urban Development in Philadelphia and Spring Garden. Report prepared by John Milner Associates, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Department of Public Property, City of Philadelphia.
Roberts, F. J. 1838 Map of the City of Philadelphia. Map Department, Philadelphia Free Library, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Robinson, James 1804 The Philadelphia Directory, City and County Register, for 1804. John H. Oswald, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Robinson, James 1807 The Philadelphia Directory, City and County Register, for 1807. T. S. Manning, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Robinson, James 1808 The Philadelphia Directory, City and County Register, for 1808. William Woodhouse, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Roe, Peter G. 1982 The Cosmic Zygote: Cosmology in the Amazon Basin. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Rosaldo, Michelle Z. 1980 The Use and Abuse of Anthropology: Reflections on Feminism and Cross Cultural Understanding. Signs 5:389–417.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1971a Beauty, the Beast and the Militant Woman: A Case Study in Sex Roles and Social Stress in Jacksonian America. American Quarterly 23:562–584.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1971b Religion and the Rise of the American City: The New York City Mission Movement, 1812–1870. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1985a Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1985b The Cross and the Pedestal: Women, Anti-Ritualism, and the Emergence of the American Bourgeoisie. In Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America, edited by Carroll Smith Rosenberg, pp. 129–164. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1985c The Female World of Love and Ritual. In Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America, edited by Carroll Smith Rosenberg, pp. 53–76. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Rosenberg, Carroll Smith 1985d Hearing Women's Words: A Feminist Reconstruction of History. In Disorderly Conduct: Visions of Gender in Victorian America, edited by Carroll Smith Rosenberg, pp. 11–52. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Rosine Association (RA) 1855 Reports and Realities from the Sketch-Book of a Manager of the Rosine Association. John Duross, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Rothman, David J. 1990 The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the New Republic. Revised edition. Little, Brown, Boston, Massachusetts.
Ruggles, Steven 1983 Fallen Women: The Inmates of the Magdalen Society Asylum of Philadelphia, 1836–1908. Journal of Social History (Summer):65–81.
Samson, Ross 1992 Knowledge, Constraint, and Power in Inaction: The Defenseless Medieval Wall. In Meanings and Uses of Material Culture (Special Issue), edited by Barbara J. Little and Paul A. Shackel. Historical Archaeology 26(3):2–4.
Sanitary Committee, Philadelphia Board of Health 1848 Report of the Sanitary Committee of the Board of Health of Philadelphia on the Subject of the Asiatic Cholera, Embracing Certain Sanitary Suggestions and Recommendations. Board of Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Savulis, Ellen-Rose 1992 Alternative Visions and Landscapes: Archaeology of the Shaker Social Order and Built Environment. In Text-Aided Archaeology, edited by Barbara J. Little, pp. 195–203. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Scharf, J. Thomas 1884 History of Philadelphia, 1609–1884. L. H. Everts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Schneider, David 1976 Notes Toward a Theory of Culture. In Meaning in Anthropology, edited by Keith Basso and Henry Selby, pp. 197–220. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Schulenburg, J. T. 1984 Strict Active Enclosure and Its Effect on the Female Monastic Experience. In Medieval Religious Women, Vol. 1, edited by J. A. Nichols and L. T. Shanks, pp. 51–86. Cistercian, Kalamazoo, Michigan.
Schuyler, Robert L. 1988 Archaeological Remains, Documents, and Anthropology: A Call for a New Culture History. Historical Archaeology 22(1):3–2.
Scott, Anne Firor 1990 Women's Voluntary Associations: From Charity to Reform. In Lady Bountiful Revisited: Women, Philanthropy, and Power, edited by Kathleen D. McCarthy, pp. 35–54. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Scott, Anne Firor 1991 Natural Allies: Women's Associations in American History. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.
Scott, Euzabeth M. (Editor) 1994 Those “Of Little Note“: Gender, Race, and Class in Historical Archaeology. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Sedgwick, Catharine Maria 1837 Home. James Munroe, Boston, Massachusetts.
Seifert, Donna J. 1991a Within Sight of the White House: The Archaeology of Working Women. In Gender in Historical Archaeology (Special Issue), edited by Donna J. Seifert. Historical Archaeology 25(4):82–108.
Seifert, Donna J. (Editor) 1991b Gender in Historical Archaeology (Special Issue). Historical Archaeology 25(4).
Shackel, Paul A. 1992 Modem Discipline: Its Historical Context in the Colonial Chesapeake. In Meanings and Uses of Material Culture (Special Issue), edited by Barbara J. Little and Paul A. Shackel. Historical Archaeology 26(3): 73–84.
Shackel, Paul A. 1993 Personal Discipline and Material Culture: An Archaeology of Annapolis, Maryland, 1695–1870. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
Shine, Carolyn R. 1993 Dress for the Ohio Pioneers. In Dress in American Culture, edited by Patricia A. Cunningham and Susan Yoso Lab, pp. 42–65. Bowling Green State University Popular Press, Bowling Green, Ohio.
Sigourney, Lydia H. 1989 Home. In Major Problems in American Women's History, edited by Mary Beth Norton, pp. 113–114. Reprint of 1850 edition. D. C. Heath, Lexington, Massachusetts.
Silverman, Eric K. 1990 Clifford Geertz: Towards a More “Thick” Understanding? In Reading Material Culture. edited by Christopher Tilley. pp. 121–159. Basil Blackwell. Oxford.
Simpson, Henry 1859 The Lives of Eminent Philadelphians, Now Deceased. from Original and Authentic Sources. William Brotherhead, Philadelphia.
Smith, Billy G. 1981 The Material Lives of Laboring Philadelphians. 1750–1800. William and Mary Quarterly. 3rd series. 38:163–202.
Smith, Billy G. 1990 The “Lower Sort”: Philadelphia's Laboring People, 1750–1800. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Smith, Pierre 1982 Aspects of the Organization of Rites. In Between Belief and Transgression: Structuralist Essays in Religion. History. and Myth. edited by Michel Izard and Pierre Smith, pp. 103–128. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Spencer-Wood, Suzanne M. 1987 A Survey of Domestic Reform Movement Sites in Boston and Cambridge. ca. 1865–1905. Historical Archaeology 21(2):7–36.
Spencer-Wood, Suzanne M. 1991a Toward an Historical Archaeology of Materialistic Domestic Reform. In The Archaeology of Inequality. edited by Randall H. McGuire and Robert Paynter, pp. 231–286. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Spencer-Wood, Suzanne M. 1991b Towards a Feminist Historical Archaeology of the Construction of Gender. In The Archaeology of Gender: Proceedings of the 22nd (1989) Annual Chacmool Conference. edited by Dale Walde and Noreen Willows, pp. 234–244. Archaeologi cal Association of the University of Calgary, Calgary.
Spencer-Wood, Suzanne M. 1992 A Feminist Program for Nonsexist Archaeology. In Quandries and Quests: Visions of Archaeology’s Future. edited by Lu Ann Wandsnider. Occasional Papers No. 20:98-114. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Spencer-Wood, Suzanne M. 1995 Feminist Historical Archaeolog y and Domestic Reform. In Historical Archaeology and the Study of American Culture. edited by Lu Ann De Cunzo and Bernard L. Herman. Winterthur Museum, Winterthur. Delaware, in press.
Stafford, Cornelius W. 1800 The Philadelphia Directory for 1800. William W. Woodward. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Stansell, Christine 1986 City of Women: Sex and Class in New York, 1789–1860. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Starbuck, David R. 1984 The Shaker Concept of Household. Man in the Northeast 28:73–86.
Starbuck, David R. 1990 The General Hospital on Mount Independence: 18th-Century Health Care at a Revolutionary War Cantonment. Northeast Historical Archaeology 19:50–68.
Steele, Valerie 1985 Fashion and Eroticism: Ideals of Feminine Beauty from the Victorian Age to the Jazz Age. Oxford University Press. New York.
Stewart-Abernathy, Leslie C., and Barbara L. Ruff 1989 A Good Man in Israel: Zooarchaeology and Assimilation in Antebellum Washington, Arkansas. Historical Archaeology 23(2):96–112.
Sullivan, Lawrence E. 1990 Body Works: Knowledge of the Body in the Study of Religion. History of Religions 30(1):86–99.
Synnott, Anthony 1993 The Body Social: Symbolism, Self, and Society. Routledge, New York.
Teeters, Negley K. 1956 The Early Days of the Magdalen Society of Philadelphia. The Social Service Review 30(2):158–167.
Thomas, David Hurst 1988 Saints and Soldiers at Santa Catalina: Hispanic Designs for Colonial America. In The Recovery of Meaning: Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States. edited by Mark P. Leone and Parker B. Potter, Jr., pp. 73–140. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Tilley, Christopher 1989 Interpreting Material Culture. In The Meanings of Things: Material Culture and Symbolic Expression. edited by Ian Hodder, pp. 185–194. Unwin Hyman, London.
Tilley, Christopher (Editor) 1990 Reading Material Culture. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Turner, Terence S. 1977 Transformation. Hierarchy, and Transcendence: A Reformulation of van Gennep’ s Model of the Structure of Rites de Passage. In Secular Ritual, edited by Sally F. Moore and Barbara G. Myerhoff, pp. 53–70. Van Gorcum, Amsterdam.
Turner, Victor 1969 The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Aldine, Chicago, Illinois.
Turner, Victor 1975 Symbolic Studies. Annual Review of Anthropology 4:145–161.
Turner, Victor 1977 Variations on a Theme of Liminality. In Secular Ritual, edited by Sally F. Moore and Barbara G. Myerhoff, pp. 36–52. Van Gorcum, Amsterdam.
Upton, Dell 1991 Form and User: Style, Mode, Fashion, and the Artifact. In Living in a Material World: Canadian and American Approaches to Material Culture, edited by Gerald L. Pocius. Social and Economic Papers No. 19:156–169. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's.
Upton, Dell 1992 The City as Material Culture. In The Art and Mystery of Historical Archaeology: Essays in Honor ofJames Deetz, edited by Anne E. Yentsch and Mary C. Beaudry, pp. 51–74. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Van Gennep, Arnold 1960 The Rites of Passage, translated by M. B. Vizedom and G. L. Caffee. Reprint of 1909 edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Varle, Peter C. 1794 Plan of the City and Its Environs. Robert Scot, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Verplanck, Anne E. 1989 Furnishings Plan for the Third Floor of the Bishop William White House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Report prepared by Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Submitted to Friends of Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Voss, Jerome A. 1992 Success and Failure in Intentional Societies: The Archaeology of Utopian Survival. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Kingston, Jamaica.
Wagner, Roy 1984 Ritual as Communication: Order, Meaning, and Secrecy in Melanesian Initiation Rites. Annual Review of Anthropology 13:145–155.
Walde, Dale, and Noreen D. Willows (Editors) 1991 The Archaeology of Gender: Proceedings of the 22nd (1989) Annual Chacmool Conference. Archaeological Association of the University of Calgary, Calgary.
Wall, Diana Dizerega 1994 The Archaeology of Gender: Separating the Spheres in Urban America. Plenum Press, New York.
Warwick, Edward, Henry C. Pitz, and Alexander Wyckoff 1965 Early American Dress: The Colonial and Revolutionary Periods, Vol. 2. Benjamin Bloom, New York.
Weber, Carmen A. 1988 A Phase I Archaeological Investigation of the Site of the Franklin Institute Futures Center. Report prepared by Philadelphia Historical Commission, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Submitted to the Franklin Institute Science Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Wegars, Priscilla 1986 Besides Polly Bemis: Historical and Artifactual Evidence for Chinese Women in the West, 1848–1930. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Sacramento, California.
Welter, Barbara 1966 The Cult of True Womanhood. American Quarterly 18(2):151–174.
Werbner, Richard P. 1989 Ritual Passage, Sacred Journey: The Process and Organization of Religious Movement. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Wertenbaker, Thomas J. 1949 The Golden Age ofColonial Culture. New York University Press, New York.
Wheeler, Kathleen L. 1993 The Effect of Widowhood on Lifestyle Choices: The Case of Sarah (Hall) Jones in Puddle Dock, Portsmouth. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology, Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
Whitely, Edward 1820 The Philadelphia Directory and Register for 1820. M'Carty and Davis, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Whitely, Edward 1821 The Philadelphia Directory and Register for 1821. M'Carty and Davis, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Wurst, Lou Ann 1991 “Employees Must Be of Moral and Temperate Habits’d: Rural and Urban Elite Ideologies. In The Archaeology of Inequality, edited by Randall H. McGuire and Robert Paynter, pp. 125–149. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Wylie, Alison 1991 Gender Theory and the Archaeological Record: Why Is There No Archaeology of Gender? In Engendering Archaeology: Women in Prehistory, edited by Margaret Conkey and Joan Gero, pp. 31–54. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Wylie, Alison 1992 The Interplay of Evident ial Constraints and Political Interests: Recent Archaeological Research on Gender. American Antiquity 57:15–35.
Yentsch, Anne 1991a Access and Space, Symbolic and Material, in Historical Archaeology. In The Archaeology of Gender: Proceedings of the 22nd (1989) Annual Chacmool Conference, edited by Noreen Willows and Dale Walde, pp. 252–262. Archaeological Association of the University of Calgary, Calgary.
Yentsch, Anne 1991b Engendering Visible and Invisible Ceramic Artifacts, Especially Dairy Vessels. In Gender in Historical Archaeology (Special Issue), edited by Donna J. Seifert. Historical Archaeology 25(4):132–155.
Young, Katharine 1993 Preface. In Bodylore, edited by Katharine Young, pp. vii–xiv. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
Zuesse, Evan M. 1987 Ritual. The Encyclopedia of Religion 12:405–422. Mircea Eliade, editor. Macmillan, New York.
Zwelling, Shomer S. 1985 Quest for a Cure: The Public Hospital in Williamsburg, Virginia, 1773–1885. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Introduction: Perspectives on the “fallen”. Hist Arch 29, 1–8 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03377236
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03377236