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Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena and M. fructicola: Risk estimation of resistance to QoI fungicides and identification of species with cytochrome b gene sequences

Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena und M. fructicola: Resistenzrisiko gegenüber QoI Fungiziden und Artidentifizierung anhand von Cytochrom b Sequenzen

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Abstract

Studies on the gene of the target protein of QoI fungicides (cytochrome b) in Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena and M. fructicola showed that the occurrence of the most important resistance mechanism to QoI fungicides, the G143A mutation, is relatively unlikely in M. laxa and M. fructicola. This is due to the presence of an intron sequence directly after codon 143. A mutation in codon 143 would presumably lead to incorrect mRNA maturation and consequently to a non-functional protein. No introns were found directly before or after codon 143 in M. fructigena, therefore the G143A mutation may be possible. Intron sequences have not been detected in immediate vicinity to the codons 129 and 137 in all three species, so the occurrence of the mutations F129L and G137R could be possible. Based on the differences in the intron-exon organization of the cytochrome b gene, a rapid, sensitive and reliable PCR assay for identification and differentiation of the 3 Monilinia species was developed.

Zusammenfassung

Untersuchungen zum Gen des Zielproteins der QoI-Fungizide (Cytochrom b) in Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena und M. fructicola ergaben eine geringe Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass sich der wichtigste Resistenzmechanismus gegenüber QoI-Fungiziden, die Mutation G143A, in M. laxa und M. fructicola ausprägt. Dies ist durch eine Intronsequenz bedingt, die direkt nach dem Codon 143 beginnt. Eine Mutation im Codon 143 würde vermutlich zu einer fehlerhaften mRNA-Reifung und konsequenterweise zu einem nicht funktionellen Protein führen. In M. fructigena wurde keine Intron-Sequenz direkt vor oder nach dem Codon 143 gefunden, daher ist eine G143A Mutation in M. fructigena möglich. In unmittelbarer Nähe der Codons 129 und 137 sind in allen 3 Monilinia-Arten keine Intron- Sequenzen vorhanden, weswegen die Mutationen F129L und G137R auftreten können. Die Unterschiede in der Intron- Exon-Organisation ermöglichten die Entwicklung eines PCR-Verfahrens zur schnellen, sensitiven und sicheren Identifizierung und Unterscheidung dieser 3 Monilinia-Arten.

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  1. BASF SE, Agricultural Centre, Limburgerhof, Germany

    S. Miessner & G. Stammler

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  1. S. Miessner
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  2. G. Stammler
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Correspondence to G. Stammler.

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Miessner, S., Stammler, G. Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena and M. fructicola: Risk estimation of resistance to QoI fungicides and identification of species with cytochrome b gene sequences. J Plant Dis Prot 117, 162–167 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356354

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356354

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