Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins with anti-viral activity and are widely used in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The use of IFNs has resulted in thyroid dysfunction in a variety of ways. We report a case of a woman with hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease who developed significant hypothyroidism during treatment with IFN-α 2a for HCV infection. However, after discontinuation of IFN-α 2a, hyperthyroidism recurred. Potential mechanisms by which IFNs influence thyroid function are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kirschenr H. Interferons, a group of multiple lymphokines. Springer Semin. Immunopathol. 1984, 7: 347–365.
Di Bisceglie A.M., Martin P., Kassianides C., et al. Recombinant interferon alfa therapy for chronic hepatitis C. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 1989, 321: 1506–1510.
Davis G.L., Balart L.A., Schiff E.R., et al. Treatment of hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa. A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 1989, 321: 1501–1506.
Baron S., Tyring S.K., Fleischmann Jr. W.R., et al. The interferons. Mechanisms of action and clinical applications. J.A.M.A. 1991, 266: 1375–1383.
Imagawa A., Itoh N., Hanafusa T., et al. Autoimmune endocrine disease induced by recombinant interferon-α therapy for chronic active type C hepatitis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1995, 80: 922–926.
Koh L.K.H., Greenspan F.S., Yeo P.P.B. Interferon-a induced thyroid disfunction: three clinical presentations and a review of the literature. Thyroid 1997, 7: 891–896.
Watanabe U., Hashimoto E., Hisamitsu T., Obata H., Hayashi N. The risk factor for development of thyroid disease during interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1994, 89: 922–926.
Ronnblom L.E., Alm G.V., Oberg K.E. Autoimmunity after alpha-interferon therapy for malignant carcinoid tumors. Ann. Intern. Med. 1991, 115: 178–183.
Lisker-Melman M., Di Bisceglie A.M., Usala S.J., Weintraub B., Murray L.M., Hoofnagle J.H. Development of thyroid disease during therapy of chronic viral hepatitis with interferon alfa. Gastroenterology 1992, 102: 2155–2160.
Preziati D., La Rosa L., Covini G., et al. Autoimmunity and thyroid function in patients with chronic active hepatitis treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2-α. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 1995, 132: 587–593.
Baudin E., Marcellin P., Pouteau M., et al. Reversibility of thyroid dysfunction induced by recombinant alpha interferon in chronic hepatitis C. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 1993, 39: 657–661.
Jacobs E.L., Clare-Salzler M.J., Chopra I.J., Figlin R.A. Thyroid function abnormalities associated with the chronic outpatient administration of recombinant interleuki-2 and recombinant interferon-alpha. J. Immunother. 1991, 10: 448–455.
Gupta M.K. Thyrotropin-receptor antibodies in thyroid diseases: advances in detection techniques and clinical applications. Clin. Chim. Acta 2000, 293: 1–29.
Kasagi K., Hidaka A., Endo K., et al. Fluctuating thyroid function depending on the balance between stimulating and blocking types of TSH receptor antibodies: a case report. Thyroid 1994, 3: 315–318.
Yamazaki K., Kanaji Y., Shizume K., et al. Reversible inhibition by interferons alpha and beta of 125I incorporation and thyroid hormone release by human thyroid follicules in vitro. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1993, 77: 1439–1441.
Roti E., Minelli R., Giuberti T., et al. Multiple changes in thyroid function in patients with chronic active HCV hepatitis treated with recombinant interferon-alpha. Am. J. Med. 1996, 101: 482–487.
Caturegli P., Hejazi M., Suzuki K., et al. Hypothyroidism in transgenic mice expressing IFN-γ in the thyroid. PNAS 2000, 97: 1719–1724.
Chen F.Q., Okamura K., Sato K., et al. Reversible primary hypothyroidism with blocking or stimulating type TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulin following recombinant interferon-alpha therapy in patients with pre-existing thyroid disorders. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 1996, 45: 207–214.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Braga-Basaria, M., Basaria, S. Interferon-alpha-induced transient severe hypothyroidism in a patient with Graves’ disease. J Endocrinol Invest 26, 261–264 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345167
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345167