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Chemical speciation of fine particle bound trace metals

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Abstract

This study reported quantifications of fine particle bound trace metals and their potential health risks for residents in Guangzhou, a rapidly developing and most populated city in South China. The fine particle samples were collected from October 29th. to November 8th. of 2006 at two different elevations in a mainly residential area and analyzed for the total concentration of aluminum, iron, zinc, lead, manganese, copper, arsenic, chromium, nickel, cadmium, molybdenum and cobalt. Results showed that the fine particle concentrations ranged from 95.8μg/m3to 194.7 μg/m3 at the ground and 83.3-190.0 μg/m3 on the roof, which were much higher than the 24 h fine particle standard (35 μg/m3) recommended by USEPA. The total concentrations of zinc, lead, arsenic, chromium and cadmium in fine particle were 504.8, 201.6, 24.3, 7.7 and 4.4 ng/m3, respectively, which were comparable to other major cities of China, but much higher than major cities outside of China. A sequential extraction procedure was used to fractionate these fine particle bound metals into four different fractions. Results indicated that most toxic metals were mainly distributed in bioavailable fractions. For instance, about 91 % of cadmium, 85 % of lead and 74 % of arsenic were in bioavailable forms. Risk calculations with a simple exposure assessment model showed that the cancer risks of the bioavailable fractions of arsenic, chromium and cadmium were 3 to 33 times greater than usual goal, indicating serious health risks to the residents in this urban area.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China

    X. D. Feng (Ph.D. candidate, Visiting Ph.D. candidate), Z. Dang Ph.D. (Professor) & C. Yang Ph.D.

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901-8551, USA

    X. D. Feng (Ph.D. candidate, Visiting Ph.D. candidate) & W. L. Huang Ph.D. (Associate professor)

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  1. X. D. Feng
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  2. Z. Dang Ph.D.
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  3. W. L. Huang Ph.D.
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  4. C. Yang Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Z. Dang Ph.D..

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Feng, X.D., Dang, Z., Huang, W.L. et al. Chemical speciation of fine particle bound trace metals. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 6, 337–346 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326071

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326071

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