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Hürthle cell tumor of the thyroid: Analysis of 188 cases

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Abstract

We reviewed 188 cases of Hürthle cell tumor of the thyroid (HCT) between 1982 and 1996. There were 160 women and 28 men with a mean age of 51.8 years. Thirty-one of the patients had cancer, and the others had adenoma. Age, size of the primary tumor, and preoperative thyroglobulin level were not significantly different in the cancer and adenoma patients. The gender ratio, however, was significantly different (p<0.05). Recurrent HCT was observed in three patients with adenoma. Two patients had subcutaneous recurrence (suspected implantation), and the other patient had recurrence in the residual thyroid gland. All patients with recurrence of adenoma underwent partial lobectomy at the initial operation. Three cancer patients had recurrent disease. Locoregional recurrence was observed in one patient and distant metastases in two patients (lung in one, lung and bone in one). One of the patients with distant metastasis died from the disease, and the other is alive with the disease. Tumor implantation was observed in patients with adenoma, so intraoperative handling of the tumor requires care. It also means that this tumor, even though benign, is aggressive in terms of proliferative activity. All patients with Hürthle cell tumor should be treated by total lobectomy at least. The outcome of the cancer patients was not as poor as in previous reports.

Résumé

On a revu les dossiers de 108 cas de tumeur de cellules de Hürthle de la thyroïde (HCT) observées entre 1982 et 1996. II y avait 160 femmes et 28 hommes avec un âge moyen de 51.8 ans. Trente et un patients avaient un cancer alors que les autres avaient un adénome. L’âge, la taille de la tumeur primitive et le taux de thyroglobuline préopératoire ne différaient pas de facon significative entre les patients ayant un cancer ou un adénome. Le sexe ratio, cependant, différait de façon significative (p<0.05). On a observé une récidive de tumeur de cellules de Hürthle chez trois patients ayant un adénome. Deux patients avaient une récidive sous-cutanée, probablement par implantation, alors que le troisième avait une récidive au niveau du moignon thyroïdien. Tous les patients ayant une récidive d’adénome ont eu une lobectomie partielle au moment de l’intervention initiale. Trois patients ont eu une récidive. On a observé une récidive locorégionale chez un patient et des métastasesà distance chez deux patients (poumon n=1, os, n=1). Un seul ayant des métastasesà distance est décédé. L’implantation tumorale a été observée chez les patients ayant un adénome et ainsi, la manipulation de la tumeur en peropératoire semble être un facteur important. II va de soi, également, que la tumeur, même si elle est bénigne, est agressive en termes d’activité proliférative. Tous les patients ayant une HCT doivent être traités, au moins, par lobectomie totale. L’évolution des patients ayant un cancer n’était pas aussi péjorative que rapporté antérieurement.

Resumen

Se revisan entre 1982 y 1996, 188 casos de tumores de tiroides con células de Hürthle (HCT). 160 eran mujeres y 28 hombres con edad media de 51.8 anõs. Se registraron 31 casos de cánceres, siendo los restantes adenomas. La edad, el tamanõ del tumor primario y los niveles preoperatorios de tiroglobulina no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los cánceres y los adenomas. Sin embargo, la incidencia por lo que al sexo se refiere fue muy significativa (p<0.05). Recidiva del HCT se constató en 3 pacientes con adenomas. Dos presentaron recidivas subcutáneas (sospechosas de implantación celular) y otro enfermo desarrolló la recidiva en tejido glandular residual del tiroides. En todos los pacientes con recidiva adenomatosa se habia efectuado, como operación inicial, una lobectomia. Tres enfermos con cáncer recidivaron; recidiva loco-regional se observó en uno y metástasis a distancia en dos (una pulmonar y otra ósea); uno de los pacientes con metástasis a distancia falleció; el otro vive con su enfermedad. Implantación tumoral se constató en pacientes con adenoma por lo que la manipulación intraoperatoria de estos tumores requiere sumo cuidado. Este hecho demuestra que los HCT aunque sean benignos son agresivos por lo que a su actividad proliferativa se refiere. En todos los pacientes con HCT debe realizarse al menos una lobectomia total. Los resultados en pacientes con cáncer no fueron tan malos como los referatados en trabajos previos.

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Correspondence to Kiminori Sugino M.D..

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Sugino, K., Ito, K., Mimura, T. et al. Hürthle cell tumor of the thyroid: Analysis of 188 cases. World J. Surg. 25, 1160–1163 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03215865

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