Abstract
Samples of wheat and rye heads with evident black discoloration were collected in 1986 and 1987. Four fungal genera colonized such heads:Alternaria, Cladosporium, Drechslera, andEpicoccum. In chaff of wheat (19%) and rye (10%) samples alternariol was present in amounts up to 1.8mg/kg, and alternariol methyl ether up to 0.51 mg/kg. In 1 out of 21 wheat samples alternariol was also present in kernels (0.59mg/kg).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bruce VR, Stack ME, and Mislivec PB (1984) Incidence of toxicAlternaria species in small grains from the USA. J Food Sci 49:1626–1627
Chelkowski J, Trojanowska K (1984) Grzyby w ziarnie zbóz w magazynach terenowych w latach 1980–1982. Nowe Rolnictwo 5:35–37
Christensen CM (1978) Storage fungi. In: Beuchat LR (ed) Food and Beverage Mycology, AVI Comp Inc, Westport Connecticut, pp 173–190
Ellis MB (1971)Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew, Surrey, England, pp 608
Ellis MB (1971) MoreDematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew, Surrey, England, pp 608
Magan N, Cayley GR, and Lacey J (1984) Effect of water activity and temperature on mycotoxin production byAlternaria alternata in culture and on wheat grain. Appl Environ Microbiol 47:1113–1117
Schroeder HW, Cole RJ (1977) Natural occurrence of alternariols in discolored pecans. J Agr Food Chem 25:204–206
Seitz LM (1984)Alternaria metabolites. In: Betina V (ed) Mycotoxins — Production, isolation, separation, and purification. Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Amsterdam, pp 443–454
Shade JE and King D jr (1984) Analysis of majorAlternaria toxins. J Food Prot 47:978–995
Stinson EE, Bills DD, Osman SF, Siciliano J, Ceponis MJ, Heisler EG (1980) Mycotoxin production byAlternaria species grown on apples, tomatoes, and blueberries. J Agr Food Chem 28: 960–963
Wiese MW (1977) Compendium of wheat diseases. The American Phytopathological Society, St Paul, Minnesota
Vesela D, Vesely D, Fassatiova O (1982) Nalezy toxinogennich kmenu hub z roduFusarium aAlternaria na skladovane psenici. Ochrana Rostlin 18: 253–258
Visconti A, Logrieco A, and Bottalico A (1986) Natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in olives — their production and possible transfer into the oil. Food Additives and Contaminants 3:323–3300
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grabarkiewicz-Szczęsna, J., Chelkowski, J. & Zajkowski, P. Natural occurrence ofAlternaria mycotoxins in the grain and chaff of cereals. Mycotox Res 5, 77–80 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03192125
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03192125