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Retrospektive Studie von 57 Fällen mit Macular pucker

Retrospective study of 57 cases with macular pucker

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Macular pucker (MP) oder epiretinale Gliose führt zu Visus(ver)minderung und Metamorphopsien. Dies ist wegen Makulaelevation oder-distorsion durch Membranbildung in der vitreoretinalen Grenzschicht mit traktilen Elementen bedingt. Das zeitweise vorhandene zystoide Makulaödem kommt durch Verziehung der tight junctions und somit Störungen der Blut/Retina-Schranke sowie des Pigmentepithel-Pumpenmechanismus zustande.

Patienten und Methode

Es wurden bei 57 Patienten 58 Operationen durchgeführt. Es wurde zwischen „idiopathischem“ und „sekundärem“ MP unterschieden. Im Falle eines ausreichenden Materialgewinnes wurde eine histologische und histochemische Ausarbeitung veranlasst. Wir führten eine Pars plana Vitrektomie (PPV) mit komplettem oder teilweisem Peeling der zentralen Membran, eventuell kombiniert mit Kataraktoperation, durch.

Ergebnisse

Es kam in 73% der Fälle zum Visusanstieg, in 20% zur Visusverminderung, in 7% der Fälle blieb der Visus unverändert. Die postoperativen Komplikationen schliessen Kataraktentwicklung, Amotio retinae, Membranrezidiv, Aderhautamotio, subretinale Fibröse und Makulaforamen ein.

Der höchsterreichte postoperative Visus war zwischen dem 3. und 6. postoperativen Monat zu erheben.

Diskussion

Durch die PPV kam es in den meisten Fällen zum Visusanstieg. Das subjektive Empfinden war aufgrund der fehlenden Metamorphopsien auch bei niedrigen Visuswerten deutlich besser. Es zeigte sich deutlicher Zellreichtum in der Histologie der Membranen bei sekundärem Pucker. Aufgrund der hohen Kataraktentwicklungsrate nach PPV geben wir dem kombinierten praeoprativen Vorgehen (PPV mit Kataraktoperation) den Vorzug.

Summary

Background

Macular Pucker (MP) or epiretinal Gliosis leads to loss of vision accompanied by metamorphopsia. This is because of macula elevation or distortion through epimacular membranes with tractable elements. The occasionally observed oedema, with ist cystoid character, is based on the distortion and dysfunction of tight junctions with disturbances in blood/retina barrier and epithelial pump function.

Patients and methods

58 operations were carried out on 57 patients who were separated into two groups with idiopathic and secondary MP. We performed a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with complete or partial peeling of central membrane eventually in combination with a cataract operation. After that the surgically removed material was studied using histologic and histochemic methods.

Results

In 73% of the cases, we had an improvement in postoperative vision. It decreased in 20% of the cases and in 7% remained unchanged. The postoperative complications were cataract development, retinal detachment, recurrence of epimacular membrane, postoperative sclerosis, macular hole and chorioidal detachment.

The best result in visual acuity was achieved 3 to 6 months postoperatively.

Discussion

— Vision improved in most eyes after surgical removal of epiretinal membrane

  • After removal of membrane, in absence of metamorphosis, even in cases with less improvement in vision, patients felt subjectively much better

  • The histology of membrane in secondary MP, was obviously rich in cell number specially fibrocytes

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Abri, A., Stolba, U., Krebs, I. et al. Retrospektive Studie von 57 Fällen mit Macular pucker. Spektrum Augeheilkd 14, 259–261 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03162828

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