Abstract
This article reviews the various EPR (CW, pulsed and time-resolved) and μSR studies reported in C60/C70/C82 fullerenes. Different techniques for preparing paramagnetic C60/C70 species giving an EPR signal have been included. This literature survey is complete from the beginning of fullerene research (1985) up to middle 1994.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- A :
-
hyperfine-interaction parameter
- D, E :
-
second-order parameters of zero-field spin Hamiltonian
- ΔH :
-
width of an EPR line
- ΔH p-p :
-
peak-to-peak width of the first derivative EPR lineshape
- FAB:
-
fast atom bound
- ν:
-
microwave frequency (if the actual value is not known, the frequency band, e.g., X (≈ 9.5 GHz), Q (≈ 35 GHz), L (≈ 3 GHz) is indicated)
- g :
-
g-factor
- hfc:
-
hyperfine coupling
- hfi:
-
hyperfine interactions
- hfi/H:
-
proton hyperfine interactions
- hfi/13C:
-
13C hyperfine interaction
- hfi (C/P):
-
13C/31P hyperfine interaction
- hfi (H/D):
-
proton/deuteron hyperfine interactions
- hfs:
-
hyperfine splitting
- I :
-
spectrum intensity
- I tot :
-
total spectrum intensity
- K :
-
jumping rate
- PAH:
-
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- R :
-
diffusion rate constant
- RT:
-
room temperature
- T :
-
temperature
- UV:
-
ultraviolet
- ZFS:
-
zero-field splitting.
References
Addison-Jones B., Percival P.W., Brodovitch J.-C., Ji F., Wlodek S., Selegue J.P., Meier M.S., Wakefield J.B.: Hyperfine Interactions86, 817 (1994)
Ajie H., Alvarez M.M., Anz S.J., Beck R.D., Diederich F., Fostiropoulos K., Huffman D.R., Kratschmer W., Rubin Y., Schriver K.S., Whetten R.L.: J. Phys. Chem.94, 8630 (1990)
Allem P.-M., Khemani K.C., Koch A., Wudl F., Holczer K., Donovan S., Grüner G., Thompson J.D.: Science253, 301 (1991)
Allem P.-M., Koch A., Wudl F., Rubin Y., Diederich F., Alvarez M.M., Anz S.J., Whetten R.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 1050 (1991)
Allem P.-M., Srdanov G., Koch A., Khemani K., Rubin Y., Dieterich F., Alvarez M.M., Anz C.J., Whetten R.L., Wudl F.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 2780 (1991)
Ansaldo E.J., Boyle J.J., Niedermayer C., Morris G.D., Brewer J.H., Stronach C.E., Carey R.S.: Zeit. für Physik B86, 317 (1992)
Ansaldo E.J., Niedermayer C., Stronach C.E.: Nature353, 121 (1991)
Arbogast J.W., Darmanyan A.P., Foote C.S., Rubin Y., Diederich F.N., Alvarez M.M., Anz S.J., Whetten R.L.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 11 (1991)
Bow S., Kitagawa H., Mitani T., Inokuchi H., Saito Y., Yamaguchi H., Hayashi N., Sato H., Shinohara H.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 9609 (1992)
Baum R.M.: Chem. Eng. News 22–25 Oct. 29, (1990)
Bausch J.W., Prakash G.K.S., Olah G.A., Tse D.S., Lorents D.C., Bae Y.K., Malhotra R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 3205 (1991)
Bennati M., Grupp A., Mehring M., Dinse K.P., Fink J.: Chem. Phys. Lett.200, 440 (1992)
Benning P.J., Martins J.L., Weaver J.H., Chibante L.P.F., Smalley R.E.: Science252, 1417 (1991)
Bethune D.S., Johnson R.D., Salem J.R., De Vries M.S., Yannoni C.S.: Nature360, 123 (1993)
a) Bethune D.S., Meiher G., Tang W.C., Rosen H.J.: Chem. Phys. Lett.174, 219 (1990); b) Blinc R., Cevc P., Arcon D., Mihailovic D., Venturini P.: to be published; c) Blinc R., Cevc P., Arcon D., Dolinsek J., Mihailovic D., Venturini P.: to be published.
Bochvar D.A., Galpern E.G.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR209, 610–612 (1973); English translation: Proc. Acad. Sci. USSR209, 239 (1973)
Bombieri G., Forsellini E., Panattoni C., Graziani R., Bolini G.: J. Chem. Soc. A1970, 1313.
Boulas P., Kutner W., Jones M.T., Kadish K.M.: J. Phys. Chem.98, 1282 (1994)
Browning J., Green M., Penfold B.R., Spencer J.L., Stone F.G.A.: J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.1973, 135.
di Brozolo F.R., Bunch T.E., Fleming R.H., Macklin J.: Nature369, 37 (1994)
Buck A.J., Mile B., Howard A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.105, 3381 (1983)
Buseck P., Tsipursky S.J., Hettich R.: Science257, 215 (1992)
Byszewski P., Jablonski R., Kolesnik S.: Solid State Commun.83, 879 (1992)
a) Byszewski P., Jablonski R., Kolesnik S.: Sollid State Commun.84, 1111 (1992); b) Cevc P., Blinc R., Erzen V., Arcon D., Zalar B., Mihailovic D., Venturini P.: Solid State Commun.90, 543 (1994); c) Cevc P., Blinc R., Arcon D., Mihailovic D., Venturini P., Hoffman S.K., Hilczer W.: Europhys. Lett.26, 707 (1994)
Cheng P.T., Nyburg S.C.: Can. J. Chem.50, 912 (1972)
Closs G.L., Gautam P., Zhang D., Krusic P.J., Hill S.A., Wasserman E.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 5228 (1992)
Cook C.D., Jauhal G.S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.90, 1464 (1968)
Cox D.M., Behal S., Disko M., Gorun S.M., Greaney M., Hsu C.S., Kollin E.B., Millar J., Robbins J., Robbins W., Sherwood R.D., Tindall P.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 2940 (1991)
Cremonini M.A., Lunazzi L., Placucci G.: J. Org. Chem.58, 4735 (1993)
Curl R.F., Smalley R.E.: Science242, 1017 (1988)
Curl R.F., Smalley R.E.: Scientific American1991, 54 Oct.
Daly T.K., Buseck P.R., Williams P., Lewis C.F.: Science259, 1599 (1993)
David W.I.F., Ibberson R.M., Matthewman J.C., Prassides K., Dennis T.J.S., Hare J.P., Kroto H.W., Taylor R., Walton D.R.M.: Nature353, 147 (1991)
David W.I.F., Ibberson R.M., Dennis T.J.S., Hare J.P., Prassides K.: Europhys. Lett.18, 219 (1992)
Davidson R.A.: Theor. Chim. Acta58, 193 (1981)
Dennis T.J.S., Prassides K., Roduner E., Cristofolini L., DeRenzi R.J.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 8553 (1993)
Diederich F., Ettl R., Rubin Y., Whetten R.L., Beck R.D., Alvarez M.M., Anz S.J., Sensharma D., Wudl F., Khemani K.C., Koch A.: Science252, 548 (1991)
Diederich F., Whetten R.L.: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.30, 678 (1991)
Dimitrijevic N.M.: Chem. Phys. Lett.194, 457 (1992)
Dimitrijevic N.M., Kamat P.V., Fessenden R.W.P.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 615 (1993)
Dubois D., Jones M.T., Kadish K.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.114, 6446 (1992)
Dubois D., Kadish K.M., Flanagan S., Haufler R.E., Chibante L.P.F., Wilson L.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 4364 (1991)
a) Dubois D., Kadish K.M., Flanagan S., Wilson L.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 7773 (1991); b) Dubois D., Moninot G., Kutner W., Jones M.T., Kadish K.M.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 1737 (1992); c) Koh W., Dubois D., Kutner W., Jones M.T., Kadish K.M.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 4163 (1992)
Duty T.L., Brewer J.H., Chow K., Kiefl R.F., Macfarlane A.W., Morris G.D., Schneider J.W., Hitti B., Lighti R., Brard L., Fischer J.E., Smith III A.B., Strongin R.M.: Hyperfine Interactions86, 789 (1994)
Estreicher S.K, Latham C.D., Heggie M.I., Jones R., Öberg S.: Chem. Phys. Lett.196, 311 (1992)
Fagan P.J., Calabress J.C., Malone B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 9408 (1991)
Fagan P.J., Calabrese J.C., Malone B.: Science252, 1160 (1991)
Fagan P.J., Ward M.D., Calabrese J.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.111, 1698 (1989)
Francis J.N., McAdam A., Ibers J.A., Organomet J.: Chem.29, 149 (1971)
Fuller R.B.: Inventions — The Patented Works of Backminster Fuller. New York: St. Martin’s Press 1983.
Gillan E.G., Yeretzian C., Min K.S., Alvarez M.M., Whetten R.L., Kaner R.B.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 6869 (1992)
Goudsmit G.-H., Paul H.: Chem. Phys. Lett.208, 73 (1993); b) Greaney M.A., Gorin S.M.,: J. Phys. Chem.95, 7142 (1991)
Haddon R.C., Brus L.E., Raghavachari K.: Chem. Phys. Lett.125, 459 (1986)
Haddon R.C., Hebard A.F., Rosseinsky M.J., Murphy D.W., Duclos S.J., Lyons K.B., Miller B., Rosamilia J.M., Fleming R.M., Kortan A.R., Glarum S.H., Makhija A.V., Muller A.J., Eick R.H., Zahurak S.M., Tycko R., Dabbagh G., Thiel F.: Nature350, 320 (1991)
Haddon R.C., Schneemeyer L.F., Waszczak J.V., Glarum S.H., Tycko R., Dabbagh G., Kortan A.R., Muller A.J., Mujsce A.M., Rosseinsky M.J., Zahurak S.M., Makhija A.V., Thiel F.A., Raghavachari K., Cockayne E., Elser V.: Nature (London)350, 46 (1991); b) Haddon R.C., Hebard A.F., Rosseinsky M.J., Murphy D.W., Glarum S.H., Palsta T.T.M., Ramirez A.P., Duclos S.J., Fleming R.M., Siegrist T., Tycko R. in: ACS Symposium, Series “Fullerenes” (Hammond G.S., Kuck V.J., eds.),1991, pp. 71–89.
Hale P.D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.108, 6087 (1986)
Hammond G.S., Kuck V.J. (eds.): ACS Symposium, Series, “Fullerenes”,1991, pp. 161–186.
Hare J.P., Dennis T.J., Kroto H.W., Taylor R., Allaf A.W., Balm S., Walton D.R.M.: J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.1991, 412.
Hare J.P., Kroto H.W., Taylor R.: Chem. Phys. Lett.177, 394 (1991)
Haufler R.E., Conceicao J., Chibante L.P.F., Chai Y., Byrne N.E., Flanagan S., Haley M.M., O’brien S.C., Pan C., Xiao Z., Billups W.E., Ciufolini M.A., Hauge R.H., Margrave J.L., Wilson L.J., Curl R.F., Smalley R.E.: J. Phys. Chem.94 8634 (1990)
Hawkins J.M., Meyer A., Lewis T.A., Loren, S., Holler F.J.: Science252, 312 (1991)
Haymet A. D.: Chem. Phys. Lett.122, 421 (1985)
Haymet A. D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.108, 319 (1986)
Hebard A.F.: Phys. Today45, 26–32 (1992)
Hebard A.F., Rosseinsky M.J., Haddon R.C., Murphy D.W., Glarum S.H., Palstra T.T.M., Ramirez A.P., Kortan A.R.: Nature350, 600 (1991)
Heiney P.A., Fischer J.E., McGhei A.R., Romanow W.J., Denenstein A.M., McCauley Jr. J.P., Smith III A.B., Cox D.E.: Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 2911 (1991)
Heiney P.A.: J. Phys. Chem. Solids (in press); b) Heiney P.A. in: The Fullerenes (Kroto H.W., Ficher J.E., Cox D.E., eds.), pp. 163–182. Oxford, New York, Seoul, Tokyo: Pergamon Press 1993.
Harris A.B., Sachidanam R.: Phys. Rev. B46, 4944 (1992)
Hirota N., Yamauch S., Terazima M.: Rev. Chem. Interm.8, 189 (1987)
Hoinkis M., Yannoni C.S., Bethune D.S., Salem J.R., Johnson R.D., Crowder M.S., De Vries M.S.: Chem. Phys. Lett.198, 461 (1992)
Holczer K., Klein O., Huang S.-M., Kaner R.B., Fu K.-J., Whetten R.L., Diederich F.: Science252, 1154 (1991)
Hopkins J.B., Langridge P.R.R., Morse M.D., Smalley R.E.: J. Chem. Phys.78, 1627 (1983)
Howard J.A., Tomietto M., Wilkinson D. A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 7870 (1991)
Ittel S.D., Ibers J.A.: Adv. Organomet. Chem.14, 33 (1976)
Janata E., Schuler R.H.: J. Phys. Chem.86, 2078 (1982)
Jeevarajan A.S., Fessenden R.W.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 1520 (1992)
Jent F., Paul H.: Chem. Phys. Lett.160, 632 (1989)
Jent F., Paul H., Fischer H.: Chem. Phys. Lett.146, 315 (1988)
Johnson R.D., Bethune D.S., Yannoni C.S.: Acc. Chem. Res.25, 169 (1992)
Johnson R.D., Meijer G., Bethune D.S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.112, 8983 (1990)
Johnson R.D., Meijer G., Salem J.R., Bethune D.S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 3619 (1991)
Johnson R.D., de Vries M.S., Salem J., Bethune D.S., Yannoni C.S.: Nature355, 239 (1992)
Jones D.E.H.: New Scientist32, 245 (1966)
Jones D.E.H.: The Inventions of Daedalus, pp. 118–119. Oxford: Freeman 1982.
Kadish M., Anderson J.E.: Pure Appl. Chem.59, 707 (1987)
Kaiser J.: Science265, 1357 (1994)
Kato T., Kodama T., Oyama M., Okazaki S., Shida T., Nakagawa T., Matsui Y., Susiki S., Shiromaru H., Yamauchi K., Achiba Y.: Chem. Phys. Lett.186, 35 (1991)
Kato T., Suzuki S., Kikuchi K., Achiba Y.: J. Phys. Lett.97, 13425 (1993)
Kawata S., Yamauchi, Suzuki S., Kikuchi K., Shirimaru H., Katada M., Saito K., Ikemoto I., Achiba Y.: Chem. Lett.1992, 1659.
Keizer P.N., Morton J.R., Preston K.F., Sugden A.K.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 7117 (1991)
Kiefl R.F., Duty D.L., Schneider J.W., MacFarlane A., Chow K., Elzey J.W. Mendels P., Morris G.D., Brewer J.H., Ansaldo E.J., Niedermayer Ch., Noakes D.R., Stronach C.E., Hitti B., Fischer J.E.: Phys. Rev. Lett.69, 2005 (1992)
Kiefl R.F., Schneider J.W., MacFarlane A., Chow K., Duty T.L., Estle T.L., Hitti B., Lichti R.L., Ansaldo E.J., Schwab C., Percival P.W., Wei G., Wlodek S., Kojima K., Romanow W.J., McCauley Jr. J.P., Coustel N., Fisher J.E., Smith III A.B.: Phys. Rev. Lett.68, 1347 (1992)
Kinoshita N., Tanaka Y., Tokumoto M., Matsumiya S.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.60, 4032 (1991)
Kinoshita N., Tokumoto M.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.50, 2779 (1981)
Kinoshita N., Tokumoto M.: Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.83, 67 (1982)
Koshlans, Jr. D.E.: Science254, 1705 (1991)
Krätschmer W., Fostiropoulos K., Huffman D.R.: Chem. Phys. Lett.170, 167 (1990)
Krätschmer W., Lamb L.D., Fostiropoulos K., Huffman D.R.: Nature347, 354 (1990)
Kroto H.W.: Science242, 1139 (1988)
Kroto H.W.: Nature329, 529 (1987)
Kroto H.W., Heath J.R., O’Brien S.C., Curl R.F., Smalley R.E.: Nature318, 162, (1985)
Krusic P.J., Roe D.C., Johnston E., Morton J.R., Preston K.F.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 1736 (1993)
Krusic P.J., Wasserman E., Parkinson B.A., Malone B., Holler Jr. E.R., Keizer P.J., Morton J.R., Preston K.F.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 6274 (1991)
Krusic P.J., Wasserman E., Keizer P.N., Morton J.R., Preston K.F.: Science254, 1183 (1991)
Kukolich S.G., Huffman D.R.: Chem. Phys. Lett.,182, 263 (1991)
Lane P.A., Swanson L.S., Ni Q.X., Shinar J., Engel J.P., Barton T.J., Jones L.: Phys. Rev. Lett.68, 887 (1992)
Larsson S., Volosov A., Rosen A.: Chem. Phys. Lett.137, 501 (1987)
Levanon H., Meiklyar V., Michaeli A., Michaeli S., Regev A.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 6128 (1992)
Macrae R.M., Prassides K., Thomas I.M., Roduner E., Niedermayer Ch., Binninger U. Bernhard C., Hofer A., Reid I.D.: J. Chem. Phys. (submitted for publication)
Maniwa Y.: to be published.
Marynick D.S., Estreicher S.: Chem. Phys. Lett.132, 383 (1986)
McElvany S.W.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 4935 (1992)
Meijer G., Bethune D.S.: J. Chem. Phys.93, 7800 (1990); b) Mihailovic D. Kraseves V., Arcon D., Lutar K., Venturini P., Cevc P.: private communication.
Miller J.S.: Adv. Mater.3, 262 (1991)
Mizoguchi K.: J. Phys. Chem. Solids54, 1693 (1993)
Morokuma K., Borden W.T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 1912 (1991) and references therein.
Morton J.R., Preston K.F., Krusic P.J., Hill S.A., Wasserman E.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 3576 (1992)
Morton J.R., Preston K.F., Krusic P.J., Wasserman E.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans.2, 1425 (1992)
Morton J.R., Preston K.F., Krusic P.J. Hill S.A., Wasserman E.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.114, 5454 (1992)
Morton J.R., Preston K.F., Krusic P.J.: Hyperfine Interactions86, 763 (1994)
Murdoch J.R., Bryson J.A., McMillen D.F., Brauman J.I.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.104, 600 (1982)
Nagarajan V., Fessenden R.W.: J. Phys. Chem.89, 2330 (1985)
Niedermayer Ch., Reid I.D., Roduner E., Ansaldo E.J., Bernhard C., Binninger U., Glücker H., Recknagel E., Budnick J.I., Weidinger A.: Phys. Rev. B47, 10923 (1993)
Olah G.A., Bucsi I., Aniszfeld R., Prakash G.K.S. in: The Fullerenes (Kroto H.W. Ficher J.E., Cox D.E., eds.), pp. 65–73. Oxford, New York, Seoul, Tokyo: Pergamon Press 1993.
Osawa E.: Kagaku (Kyoto)25, 854 (1970) (in Japanese)
Osawa E.: Chem. Abstr.74, 75698v (1971)
Osborne R.B., Ibers J.A.: J. Organomet. Chem.232, 371 (1982)
Pace M.D., Christidis T.C., Yin J.J., Milliken J.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 6855 (1992)
Pénicaud A., Hsu J., Reed C.A., Koch A., Khemani K.C., Allem P.-M., Wudl F.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 6698 (1991)
Percival P.W., Wlodek S.: Chem. Phys. Lett.196, 317 (1992)
a) Press W., Kollmar A.: Solid State Commun.17, 405 (1975); b) Silvera I.F.: Rev. Mod. Phys.52, 393 (1980)
Regev A., Gamliel D., Meiklyar V., Michaeli S., Levanon H.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 3671 (1993)
a) Roduner E., Fischer H.: Chem. Phys.54, 261 (1981); b) Roduner E.: The Positive Muon as a Probe in Radical Chemistry, Lecture Notes in Chemistry 49. Berlin: Springer Verlag 1988.
Roduner E., Prassides K., Macrae R.M., Thomas I.M., Reid I.D.: to be published; private communication.
Roduner E., Prassides K., Macrae R.M., Thomas I.M., Niedermayer C., Binninger U., Bernhard C., Hofer A., Reid I.D.: to be published; private communication.
Rohlfing E.A., Cox D.M., Kaldor A.: J. Chem. Phys.81, 3322 (1984)
Rosén A., Wästberg B.: J. Chem. Phys.90, 2525 (1989)
Rosseinsky M.J., Ramirez A.P., Glarum S.H., Murphy D.W., Haddon R.C., Hebard A.F., Palstra T.T.M., Kortan A.R., Zahurak S.M., Makhija A.V.: Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 21 (1991)
Ruebsam M., Dinse K.-P., Plueschau M., Fink J., Kräetschmer W., Fostiropoulos K., Taliani C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.114, 10059 (1992)
Ruoff R.S., Beach D., Cuomo J., McGuire T., Whetten R.L., Diederich F.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 3457 (1991)
Satpathy S.: Chem. Phys. Lett.130, 545 (1986)
Scuseria G.E.: Chem. Phys. Lett.176, 423 (1991)
Sevov S.C., Corbett J.D.: Science262, 880 (1993)
Shelly K., Reed C.A., Lee Y.J., Scheidt W.R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.108, 3117 (1986)
Shinohara H., Sato H., Ohkohchi M., Ando Y., Kadoma T., Shida T., Kato T., Saito Y.: Nature357, 52 (1992)
Shinohara H., Sato H., Saito Y., Ohkohchi M., Ando Y.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 3571 (1992)
Shinohara H., Yamaguchi H., Hayashi N., Sato H., Inagaki M., Saito Y., Bow S., Kitagawa H., Mitani T., Inokuchi H.: Mater. Sci. Eng. B.B19, 25 (1993)
Stephens P.W., Mihaly L., Lee P.L., Whetten R.L., Huang S.-M., Kaner R., Diederich F., Holczer K.: Nature351, 632 (1991)
Stevenson S., Dorn H.C., Burbank P., Harlch K., Sun Z., Klang C.H., Salem J.R., DeVries M.S., van Loosdrecht P.H.M., Johnson R.D., Yannoni C.S., Bethune D.S.: Anal. Chem.66, 2680 (1994)
Stinchcombe J., Penicaud A., Bhyrappa P., Boyd P.D.W., Reed C.A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.115, 5212 (1993)
Stoddart J.F.: Angew. Chem.103, 71 (1991); Angew Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.30, 70 (1991); for a more recent account, see: [114].
Sunderlin L.S., Paulino J.A., Chow J., Kahr B., Ben-Amotz D., Squires R.R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 5489 (1991)
Suzuki S., Kawata S., Shiromaru H., Yamauchi K., Kikuchi K., Kato T., Achiba Y.: J. Phys. Chem.96, 7159 (1992)
Taylor R., Hare J.P., Abdul-Sada A.K., Kroto H.W.: Chem. Phys. Lett.347, 354 (1990)
Taylor R., Hare J.P., Abdul-Sada A.K., Kroto H.W.: J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.20, 1423 (1990)
Tebbe F.N., Becker J.Y., Chase D.B., Firment L.E., Holler E.R., Malone B.S., Krusic P.J., Wasserman E.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 9900 (1991)
Terazima M., Hirota N., Shinohara H., Saito Y.: Chem. Phys. Lett.195, 333 (1992)
a) Tycko R., Haddon R.C., Dabbagh G., Glarum S.H., Douglass D.C., Mujsce A.M.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 518 (1991); b) Yannoni C., Johnson R.D., Meijer G., Bethune D.S., Salem J.R.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 9 (1991)
Wagoner G.: Phys. Rev.118, 647 (1960)
Wasielewski M.R., O’Neil M.P., Lykke K.R., Pellin M.J., Gruen D.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 2774 (1991)
Wertz J.E., Bolton J.R.: Electron Spin Resonance, p. 238, New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.
Wertz J.E., Bolton J.R.: Electron Spin Resonance, p. 365. New York: McGraw-Hill 1972.
Wist A.R.: Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications. New York: Wiley 1984.
a) Wudl F. cited in: Amato I.: Science252, 646 (1991); b) Wudl F., Hirsch A., Khemani K.C., Suzuki T., Allemand A.-M., Koch A., Eckert H., Srdanov G., Webb H.M. in: ACS Symposium, Series “Fullerenes” (Hammond G.S., Kuck V.J., eds.),1991, pp. 161–175.
Xiao Y.F., Yao Z.Q., Jin D.S., Yan F.Y., Xue Q.J.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 7072 (1993)
Yannoni C.S., Bernier P.P., Bethune D.S., Maijer G., Salem J.R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.113, 3190 (1991)
Yannoni C.S., Hoinkis M., De Vries M.S., Bethune D.S., Salem J.R., Crowder M.S., Johnson R.D.: Science256, 1191 (1992)
Yannoni C.S., Johnson R.D., Meijer G., Bethune D.S., Salem J.R.: J. Phys. Chem.95, 9 (1991)
Yeretzian C., Hansen K., Alvarez M.M., Min K.S., Gillan E.G., Holtczer K., Kaner R.B., Whetten R.L.: Chem. Phys. Lett.196, 337 (1992)
a) Yoshida Z., Osawa E.: Aromaticy, pp. 174. Kyoto: Kagakudojin 1971. (in Japanese): b) Yoshizawa K., Sato T., Tanaka K., Yamabe T., Okahara K.: Chem. Phys. Lett.213, 498 (1993)
Zakhidov A.A., Imaeda K., Yakushi K., Inokuchi H., Iqbal Z., Baughman R.H., Ramakrishma B.L., Achiba Y.: Physica C185, 411 (1991)
Zakhidov A.A., Ugawa A., Imaeda K.: Solid State Commun.79, 939 (1991)
Zhang D., Norris J.R., Krusic P.J., Wasserman E., Chem C.-C., Lieber C.M.: J. Phys. Chem.97, 5886 (1993)
Zhou O., Fischer J.E., Coustel N., Kycia S., Qing Zhu, McGhie A.R., Romanow W.J., McCauley Jr. J.P., Smith III A.B., Cox D.E.: Nature351, 462 (1991)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
In alphabetical order.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Misra, S.K., Petkov, V. Electron paramagnetic and muon spin resonance studies in fullerenes. Appl. Magn. Reson. 8, 277–310 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03162792
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03162792