Abstract
Ultrasonic agitation was applied during the chemical bath deposition of CdS thin films. Ultrasonication resulted in a dramatic change in the surface morphology, growth rate, and optical properties of CdS films. There were virtually no colloidal particles adsorbed on the surface. The surface roughness measured by atomic force microscopy was reduced by a factor of two. Band gap energy increased to 2.39 eV from 2.37 eV. X-ray patterns showed that the preferred orientation changed from hexagonal (002)/cubic (111) to hexagonal (101). Optical transmission improved in the wavelength range larger than 520nm. The chemical reaction for CdS formation started at a lower temperature under ultrasonication, and dense films were obtained even when the chemical composition of the aqueous solution deviated far from optimum conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Kim, A. L. Fahrenbruch, A. Lopez-Otero, R. H. Bube, K. M. Jones,J. Appl. Phys. 75, 2673 (1994).
R. R. Chamberlin and H. S. Skarman,J. Electrochem. Soc. 113, 86 (1966).
G. C. Morris, A. Tottszer and S. K. Das,Materials Forum 15, 164 (1991).
J. W. Park, B. T. Ahn, H. B. Im and C. S. Kim,J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 3351 (1992).
A. K. Berry, P. M. Amirtharaj, J. Du, J. L. Boone, and D. O. Martin,Thin Solid Films 219, 153 (1992).
Y. Tomita, T. Kawai and Y. Hatanaka,Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 33. 3383 (1994).
B. R. Lanning and J. H. Armstrong,Int. J. Solar Energy 12, 247 (1992).
I. Kaur, D. K. Pandya and K. L. Chopra,J. Electrochem. Soc. 127, 943 (1980).
D. Lincot and R. Ortega,J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 1880 (1992).
P. C. Rieke and S. B. Bentjen,Chem. Master. 5, 43 (1993).
N. R. Pavaskar, C. A. Menezes, and A. P. B. Sinha,J. Electrochem. Soc. 124, 743 (1977).
D. Lincot and R. Ortega,J. Electrochem. Soc. 140, 3464 (1993).
K. S. Suslick,MRS Bulletin April, 29 (1995).
N. G. Dhere, D. L. Waterhouse, K. B. Sundaram, O. Melendez, N. R. Parikh and B. Patnaik,J. Materials Science, Materials in Electronics 6, 52 (1995).
D. Lincot and R. Ortega,Philosophical Magazine B 68, 185 (1993).
R. A. Hobson, P. Mulvaney and F. Grieser,J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commu. 823 (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choe, J.Y., Kim, KJ. & Kim, D. Properties of cadmium sulfide thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition with ultrasonication. Metals and Materials 3, 265–271 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03025934
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03025934