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Preemptive gabapentin reduces postoperative pain and opioid demand following thyroid surgery

Ľadministration préventive de gabapentine réduit la douleur postopératoire et la demande ďopioïdes à la suite ďune thyroïdectomie

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Abstract

Purpose

Gabapentin is reported to possess antihyperalgesic and antiallodynia properties. Recently, reports have indicated that gabapentin may have a place in the treatment of postoperative pain. In this study, we sought to determine whether preemptive use of gabapentin reduced postoperative pain and morphine demand following thyroidectomy.

Methods

In this prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, we gave gabapentin 1200 mg or placebo two hours prior to induction of anesthesia to patients undergoing elective thyroidectomy. Post-thyroidectomy pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale at rest and during swallowing in the first 24 hr postoperatively. All patients received morphine 3 mg iv every five minutes until visual analogue scale scores were 4 or less at rest, and 6 or less with swallowing. Total morphine consumption for each patient was recorded from zero to 24 hr postoperatively.

Results

Thirty-seven patients in the gabapentin group and 35 patients in the placebo group completed the study. Overall, pain scores at rest and during swallowing in the gabapentin group were significantly lower when compared with the placebo group. Total postoperative morphine consumption in the gabapentin group was 15.2 ± 7.6 mg (mean ± SD)vs 29.5 ± 9.9 mg in the placebo group (P < 0.001). No significant differences in side effects were observed between groups.

Conclusions

Preoperative gabapentin decreased pain scores and postoperative morphine consumption in patients following thyroid surgery.

Résumé

Objectif

La gabapentine possÈde des propriétés antihyperalgésiques et antiallodyniques. Des recherches récentes indiquent que la gabapentine peut avoir une place dans le traitement de la douleur postopératoire. Nous voulions déterminer si son usage préventif réduisait la douleur postopératoire et la demande de morphine à la suite ďune thyroïdectomie.

Méthode

Pendant ľétude clinique prospective, randomisée et à double insu, nous avons donné 1 200 mg de gabapentine ou un placebo deux heures avant ľinduction de ľanesthésie à des patients opérés pour une thyroïdectomie réglée. La douleur postopératoire a été évaluée sur une échelle visuelle analogique (EVA), au repos et pendant la déglutition, au cours des 24 premiÈres heures postopératoires. Tous les patients ont reçu 3 mg de morphine iv toutes les cinq minutes jusqu’à des scores à ľEVA de 4 ou moins au repos, et de 6 ou moins pendant la déglutition. La consommation totale de morphine de chaque patient a été notée de zéro à 24 h aprÈs ľopération.

Résultats

Trente-sept patients du groupe gabapentine et 35 du groupe placebo ont participé à ľétude complÈte. Globalement, les scores de douleur et la durée de la déglutition étaient significativement plus bas avec la gabapentine qu’avec le placebo. La consommation totale de morphine postopératoire dans le groupe gabapentine a été de 15,2 ± 7,6 mg (moyenne ± ET) vs 29,5 ± 9,9 mg dans le groupe placebo (P < 0,001). Il n’y a pas eu de différence intergroupe quant aux effets secondaires observés.

Conclusion

Ľadministration préopératoire de gabapentine réduit les scores de douleur et la consommation postopératoire de morphine aprÈs une thyroïdectomie.

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Correspondence to Yatindra Kumar Batra.

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Al-Mujadi, H., A-Refai, A.R., Katzarov, M.G. et al. Preemptive gabapentin reduces postoperative pain and opioid demand following thyroid surgery. Can J Anesth 53, 268–273 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03022214

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03022214

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