Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of midazolam on vomiting after tonsillectomy in children. We compared 215 children aged 1.5–14 yr undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy under general anaesthesia with nitrous oxide and halothane. In a double-blind fashion the subjects were administered either placebo or midazolam 75 μg · kg−1 iv after induction of anaesthesia. After the operation, the number of emetic episodes and the length of stay in hospital were recorded. The groups were similar with respect to age, weight, sex, mode of induction, duration of anaesthesia, surgical procedure, opioid administration and length of stay in the PAR and the Day Care Surgical Unit. The 108 midazolam-treated children had a lower incidence (42% vs 57%) of vomiting than the placebo group, P < 0.02. The placebo group had a higher incidence (9% vs 2%) of unscheduled admissions to hospital due to nausea and vomiting, P < 0.05. It is concluded that midazolam administered intravenously to children intraoperatively reduces vomiting after tonsillectomy.
Résumé
Cette étude vise à évaluer chez les enfants l’effet du midazolam sur les vomissements post-amygdalectomie. Nous étudions 215 enfants dont l’âge se situe entre 1,5 et 14 ans soumis à une amygdaleclomie ou à une adéno-amygdalectomie sous anesthésie générale à l’halothane et au protoxyde d’azote. Les sujets reçoivent en double aveugle soit un placebo soit du midazolam 75 μg · kg−1 après l’induction de l’anesthésie. Après l’intervention, le nombre d’épisodes émétiques et la durée du séjour à l’hôpital sont enregistrés. Les groupes sont comparables pour l’âge, le poids, le sexe, le mode d’induction, la durée de l’anesthésie, l’intervention chirurgicale, l’administration de morphinique et la durée du séjour en salle d’opération et à l’unité de chirurgie d’un jour. Les 108 enfants traités au midazolam vomissent moins (42% vs 57%) que le groupe placebo. L’incidence des admissions imprévues à l’hôpital pour nausées est vomissements est plus élevée dans le groupe placebo (9% vs 2%, P < 0,05). Nous concluons que l’administration iv de midazolam pendant l’intervention diminue l’incidence des nausées et des vomissements après l’amygdalectomie.
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Splinter, W.M., MacNeill, H.B., Menard, E.A. et al. Midazolam reduces vomiting after tonsillectomy in children. Can J Anaesth 42, 201–203 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03010676
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03010676