Abstract
Bacteria and other fungi are industrially cultivated in a variety of ways for the commercial production of some 25 enzymes utilized in many industries ranging from the conversion of starch to fermentable sugars, through chill-proofing of beer to bating of hides.
Similar content being viewed by others
Bibliography
Buehner, E. Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges.30: 117, 1110. 1897.
Meyerhof, O. Wallerstein Laboratories Communications12: 255. 1949.
Northrop, J. H.et al. Crystalline enzymes. 1948.
Takamine, J. Ind. Eng. Chem.6: 824. 1914.
Caldwell, M. L.et al. Jour. Biol. Chem.161: 361. 1945.
Volz, G. W. and Caldwoll, M. L. Jour. Biol. Chom.171: 667. 1947.
Di Carlo, F. J. and Redfern, S. Arch. Biochem.15: 333, 343. 1947.
Tildon, E. B.et al. Jour. Am. Chem. Soc.64: 1432. 1942.
Rose, D. Arch. Biochom.16: 349. 1948.
Underkofler, L. A.et al. Cereal Chem.24: 1. 1947.
Jeffreys, G. A. Food Industries20: 688. 1948.
Christensen, L. M. U. S. Patent #2,325, 368.
Wallerstein, L. Ind. Eng. Chem.31: 1218. 1939.
Boidin, A. and Effront, J. U. S. Patents #1,227, 374 and #1,227, 525. 1917.
Schultz, A. S. and Atkin, L. U. S. Patent #2,159, 678. 1931.
Foster, J. W. Chemical activities of fungi. 1949.
Frey, C. N.et al. Ind. Eng. Chem.28: 879. 1936.
Owen, W. L. Ind. Eng. Chem.25: 87. 1933.
Newbauer, M. Ind. Eng. Chem.25: 712. 1933.
Boidin, A. Ind. Eng. Chem.25: 712. 1933.
Waldman, R. U. S. Patent #2,302,079. 1942.
Kline, L.et al. Ind. Eng. Chem.36: 1152. 1944.
Ramon, G.et al. Compt. Rend.220: 341. 1945.
Beckford, L. D.et al. Ind. Eng. Chem.38: 232. 1946.
Erb, N. M. and Hildebrandt, F. M. Ind. Eng. Chem.38: 792. 1946.
Van Lanen, J. M. and Le Mense, E. H. Jour. Bact.51: 595. 1946.
Le Monse, E. H. and Van Lanen, J. M. U. S. Patent #2,451, 567.
Adams, S. L.et al: Ind. Eng. Chem.39: 1615. 1947.
Corman, J. and Lanslykke, A. F. Cereal Chem.25: 190. 1948.
Le Mense, E. H.et al. Ind. Eng. Chem.41: 100. 1949.
Kita, G. Ind. Eng. Chem.5: 220. 1913.
Dale, J. and Lanslois, D. U. S. Patent #2,301, 609. 1940.
Langlois, D. P. U. S. Patent #2,305,168. 1942.
Johnson, J. A.et al. Baker’s Disost23: 21. 1949.
Johnson, J. A. and Miller, B. S. Cereal Chem.25: 168. 1948; 26: 371. 1949.
A definition and standard of identity for each of the following foods: bread, rolls, buns. etc. Aug. 8–10 (1949) Docket, F.D.C. 31 “B”. Obtainable from Acme Reporting Co., 1748 Penn Ave., N.W., Washington, D. C.
Killian, S. T. and Ingelfinger, F. J. Arch. Int. Mod.73: 466. 1944.
Beazell, J. M.et al. Jour. Nutrition13: 29. 1937.
Bernfeld, P. and Meutemedian, A. Nature162: 297. 1948; Helv. Chim. Acta 31: 1735. 1948.
Hehre, E. J. Trans. N. Y. Acad. of Sci.10: 188. 1948.
Neuberg, C. and Roberts, I. S. Sugar Res. Found., Sci. Rep. Ser., No. 4, September, 1946.
McLaughlin, G. D. and Theis, E. R. The chemistry of leather manufacture. 1945.
Hesse, A. In Nord and Weidenhagen. Handbuch der Enzymologie. Vol.2: 1215. 1943.
Schneider, F. Ergebnisse der Enzymforschung7: 124. 1938.
Wallerstein, L. U. S. Patent #1,644.764. 1922.
Baker, D. L. Comm. of the Master Brewers Assoc. of Amer.7(1): 4–5, 14–15. 1946.
Hartong, B. D. Brewers Digest24(8): 45. 1949.
Pingert, F. P. and Ferry, C. W. U. S. Patent #2,432,970. 1947.
Larson, R, F.et al. U. S. Patent #2,459,- 563.
Ramsbottom. J. M. U. S. Patent #2,240,- 518. 1941.
Ramsbottom, J. M. and Paddock, L. S. U. S. Patent #2,454,716. 1948.
Jensen, L. B. U. S. Patent #2,221,689. 1940.
Gunther, J. K. and Sair, L. U. S. Patent #2,454,315.
Frey, C. N. and Miller, G. E. U. S. Patent #2,447,063.
Beazell, J. M.et al. Jour. Am. Med. Assoc.116: 2735. 1941.
Glasser, S. T. Am. Jour. Surgery50: 320. 1940.
Spur, B. and Wolman, I. J. Jour. Dairy Sci.30: 13. 1947.
Roger, L. A.et al. Fundamentals of dairy science. A.C.S. Mono. 1928.
Keil, H. L. and Roundy, Z. D. Jour. Dairy Sci.30: 877. 1947.
Babel, F. J.et al. Jour. Dairy Sci.26: 231. 1942.
Peterson, M. H.et al. Jour. Dairy Sci.31: 55. 1948.
Doan, F. J. and Miller, G. M. Milk Plant Mon.29(9): 42. 1940.
Nelson, D. H. and Dahle, C. D. Milk Dealer29: 41. 1940.
Coe, M. R. Jr. and Coe, M. R. U. S. Patent #2,397,920. 1946.
Fruton, J. S.et al. Jour. Biol. Chem.133: 703. 1940.
Smythe, C. V. and Drake, B. B. U. S. Patent #2,480,090. 1949.
Ogawa, M. J. Agr. Chem. Soc. Japan20: 342. 1944; Chem. Abs. 42: 3794. 1948.
Sanders, J. H. U. S. Patent #2,485,779.
Beckman, J. W. Ind. Eng. Chem.22: 117. 1930.
Mazza, J. P. and Migliandi, C. Ricerca Sci.13: 267. 1942; Chem. Abs. 37: 2512, 6086. 1943.
Peterson, M. H.et al. Jour. Dairy Sci.31: 39. 1948.
Peters, I. I. and Nelson, F. E. Jour. Dairy Sci.31: 611. 1948.
Becker, G. H.et al. Science111: 529. 1949.
Cruess, W. V. and Kilbuck, J. Wines and Vines28(8): 23. 1947.
Kilbuck, J. Fruit Prod. Jour. & Am. Food Mfg.28: 68. 1948.
Willaman, J. J. U. S. Patent #2,373,729. 1945.
Schultz, T. H.et al Jour. Colloidal Sci.3: 53. 1948.
Maclay, W. D. and Owen, H. S. Modern Packaging22: 157. 1948.
Hastings, W. H. Poultry Sci.25: 584. 1946.
Hildebrant, G. and Klavehn, W. U. S. Patent #1,956,950. 1934.
Buchlen, H. J.et al. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. & Med.72: 297. 1949.
Schroeder, H. A. and Adams, M. H. Jour. Exp. Med.73: 513. 1941.
Schroeder, H. A. Science93: 116. 1941.
Prinzmetal, M.et al. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol.& Med.50: 288. 1942.
Sizer, I. W. and Prokesch, C. E. Jour. Pharmacol.84: 363. 1945.
Tanner, F. W., Jr.et al. U. S. Patent #2,445,128. 1948.
Stiles, H. R. U. S. Patent #2,483,855. 1949.
Martin, J. U. S. Patent #2,491,927. 1949.
Tabenkin, B. U. S. Patent #2,493,274. 1949.
LeMense, E. H.et al. Jour. Bact.54: 149. 1947.
Willaman, J. J. and Kertesz, Z. I. U. S. Patent #1,932,833. 1933.