Abstract
Prognostic factors, including clinical, biological, and histological parameters, were assessed for 94 patients with follicular lymphomas at our institute. Follicular lymphomas constituted 7.7% (94/1208) of malignant lymphomas in this study. Eighteen patients were diagnosed with stage I follicular lymphoma, 20 with stage II, 23 with stage III, and 33 with stage IV. The cases of follicular lymphoma were subclassified as: follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma (FSC) in 20 cases, follicular mixed cell lymphoma (FMX) in 59 cases, and follicular large cell lymphoma (FLC) in 15 cases.The patients comprised 49 men and 45 women with a median age of 54 years (range, 25-84 years). The complete response rate was 76.5%, and the median survival time was 13 years. The expected 10-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were 61.9% and 38.2%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified the factors associated with poor survival as elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (P < .0001), age of >60 (P < .0001), Ann Arbor stage III/IV (P < .01), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) of 2 to 4 (P = .048). Multivariate analysis showed that LDH, age, and PS were independent predictors. After application of the International Prognostic Index (IPI), the 10-year survival rates for the low-risk, low-intermediate risk, high-intermediate risk and high-risk groups were 80.4%, 48.7%, 21.9%, and 0.0%, respectively. The differences among these groups were significant atP < .01.The IPI for aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was found to be applicable to survival prediction for Japanese follicular lymphoma patients.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Freedman AS, Gribben JG, Nadler LM. High dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Leuk Lymphoma. 1998;28:219–230.
Bierman PJ, Vose JM, Anderson JR, et al. High-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic rescue for follicular low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:445–450.
Freedman AS, Ritz J, Neuberg D, et al. Autologous bone marrow transplantation in 69 patients with a history of low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Blood. 1991;77:2524–2529.
Gribben JG, Freedman AS, Neuberg D, et al. Immunologic purging of marrow assessed by PCR before autologous bone marrow transplantation for B-cell lymphoma.N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1525–1533.
Maloney DG, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, et al. IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Blood. 1997;90:2188–2195.
McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program.J Clin Oncol. 1998;16:2825–2833.
Czuczman MS, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, et al. Treatment of patients with low-grade B-cell lymphoma with the combination of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and CHOP chemotherapy.J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:268–276.
A predictive model for aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the International Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Prognostic Factors Project.N Engl J Med. 1993;329:987–994.
Lopez-Guillermo A, Montserrat E, Bosch F, et al. Applicability of the International Index for aggressive lymphomas to patients with low-grade lymphoma.J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:1343–1348.
Armitage JO,Weisenburger DD. New approach to classifying non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: clinical features of the major histologic subtypes: Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Classification Project.J Clin Oncol. 1998;16:2780–2795.
Osada H, Seto M, Ueda R, et al. bcl-2 gene rearrangement analysis in Japanese B cell lymphoma; novel bcl-2 recombination with immunoglobulin kappa chain gene.Jpn J Cancer Res. 1989;80:711–715.
Mitani S,Aoki N, Mizutani S, et al. bcl-2 gene rearrangement analysis of Japanese follicular lymphomas by polymerase chain reaction in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens.Jpn J Cancer Res. 1993;84:37–41.
The Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Pathologic Classification Project. National Cancer Institute sponsored study of classifications of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: summary and description of a working formulation for clinical usage.Cancer. 1982;49:2112–2135.
Cameron DA, Leonard RC, Mao JH, et al. Identification of prognostic groups in follicular lymphoma: the Scotland and Newcastle Lymphoma Group Therapy Working Party.Leuk Lymphoma. 1993;10:89–99.
Coiffier B, Bastion Y, Berger F, et al. Prognostic factors in follicular lymphomas.Semin Oncol. 1993;20:89–95.
Katsumata N, Matsuno Y, Nakayama H, et al. Prognostic factors and a predictive model of follicular lymphoma: a 25-year study at a single institution in Japan.Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1996;26:445–454.
Lopez-Guillermo A, Montserrat E, Bosch F, et al. Low-grade lymphoma: clinical and prognostic studies in a series of 143 patients from a single institution.Leuk Lymphoma. 1994;15:159–165.
Romaguera JE, McLaughlin P, North L, et al. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in stage IV follicular low-grade lymphoma: a risk model.J Clin Oncol. 1991;9:762–769.
Wendum D, Sebban C, Gaulard P, et al. Follicular large-cell lymphoma treated with intensive chemotherapy: an analysis of 89 cases included in the LNH87 trial and comparison with the outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de l’Adulte.J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:1654–1663.
Steward WP, Crowther D, McWilliam LJ, et al. Maintenance chlorambucil after CVP in the management of advanced stage, lowgrade histologic type non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a randomized prospective study with an assessment of prognostic factors.Cancer. 1988;61:441–447.
Bennett JM, Cain KC, Glick JH, et al. The significance of bone marrow involvement in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience.J Clin Oncol. 1986;4:1462–1469.
Cheson BD, Horning SJ, Coiffier B, et al. Report of an International Workshop to Standardize Response Criteria for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas.J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1244–1253.
Decaudin D, Lepage E, Brousse N, et al. Low-grade stage III-IV follicular lymphoma: multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in 484 patients—a study of the Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de l’Adulte.J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:2499–2505.
Chen PM, Lin SH, Seto M, et al. Rearrangement of bcl-2 genes in malignant lymphomas in Chinese patients.Cancer. 1993;72:3701–3706.
Lopez-Guillermo A, Cabanillas F, McDonnell TI, et al. Correlation of bcl-2 rearrangement with clinical characteristics and outcome in indolent follicular lymphoma.Blood. 1999;93:3081–3087.
Leonard RC, Hayward RL, Prescott RJ, et al. The identification of discrete prognostic groups in low grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the Scotland and Newcastle Lymphoma Group Therapy Working Party.Ann Oncol. 1991;2:655–662.
Lopez-Guillermo A, Cabanillas F, McLaughlin P, et al. The clinical significance of molecular response in indolent follicular lymphomas.Blood. 1998;91:2955–2960.
Martinka M, Comeau T, Foyle A, et al. Prognostic significance of t(14;18) and bcl-2 gene expression in follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma and diffuse large cell lymphoma.Clin Invest Med. 1997;20:364–370.
Martin AR,Weisenburger DD, Chan WC, et al. Prognostic value of cellular proliferation and histologic grade in follicular lymphoma.Blood. 1995;85:3671–3678.
Bartlett NL, Rizeq M, Dorfman RF, et al. Follicular large-cell lymphoma: intermediate or low grade?J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:1349–1357.
Salles G, Coiffier B. Histologic transformation in follicular lymphoma.Ann Oncol. 1998;9:803–805.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Kondo, E., Ogura, M., Kagami, Y. et al. Assessment of Prognostic Factors in Follicular Lymphoma Patients. Int J Hematol 73, 363–368 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981963
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981963