Skip to main content
Log in

The relation ofAzotobacter to the root system of barley

Связь Azotobacter для корневой системы ячменя

  • Published:
Folia Microbiologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

We investigated the incidence ofAzotobacter on barley roots and in the rhizosphere soil and the influence of bacterization of seeds by various strains on the amount ofAzotobacter and the crop yields of barley. We used standard and freshly isolated strains and strains which were subjected to long-term repeated cultivation with growing barley roots (so-called passaging) and which were adapted in different ways to the root system of barley.

We confirmed that by bacterization of seeds the numbers ofAzotobacter in the rhizosphere are increased. On the roots of plants adapted (passaged) strains ofAzotobacter frequently develop better than the original strains, while in the rhizosphere soilAzotobacter is sometimes more abundant after bacterization with the original strains. We have proved that there are significant differences in the influence of individual strains ofAzotobacter on the plant. We did not record a direct relationship between the numbers ofAzotobacter and its influence on the grain yield.

Owing to the considerable natural variability of the distribution ofAzotobacter on roots and in the soil, we always analysed ten combined samples and used the average values. For evaluation of the results of the numbers ofAzotobacter in the rhizosphere soil we used the analysis of variance. We evaluated the individual stages of growth of the plants separately and defined orthogonal contrasts for a more detailed evaluation of the differences recorded.

Abstract

Мы расследование случаев Azotobacter о корнях и ячменя в rhizosphere почвы и влияние bacterization семян различных шта ммов на сумму в Azotobacter и урожайность сельск охозяйственных куль тур ячмень. Мы исполь зовали стандартные и свежевыжатые изол ированных штаммов и штаммов, которые бы ли подвергнуты к дол госрочным неоднокра тные культивировани я с ростом корней ячм еня (так называемые passaging) и которые были адапт ированы в разных пути корневой систе мы ячменя. Мы подтве рдили, что, по bacterization Семена номера Azotobacter в rhizosphere растут. На корнях растений, адаптиров анных (passaged) штаммов Azotobacter часто лучше, чем разрабатывать оригинал штаммов, в то время как в rhizosphere почв Azotobacter иногда больше изобилии после bacterization с пе рвоначальным штаммов. Мы доказали, что существует значительные разли чия в влияние индивидуальных шта ммов Azotobacter о растений. Мы не запись прямого отношения между чис лом Azotobacter и ее влияние на урож айность зерна Из-за значительной естественной измен чивости о распредел ении Azotobacter в корни и в поч ву, мы вс егда анализи руются комбинирован ные де сять образцов и испо льзуется в среднем ценностей. Для оценк и результатов от числа Azotobacter в rhizosphere почвы мы использова ли анализ дисперсии Мы проверили отдель ных этапах роста рас тений и определяется отдельно ортогонал ьных контрастов для более подробного оценка различий в отчет.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bukatsch, F., Heitzer, J.:Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Physiologie von Azotobacter. Arch. f. Mikrobiol. 17: 79, 1952.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Contois, D. E.:Microflora of the rhizosphere of the pineapple plant. Soil Sci. 76: 259, 1953.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grubbs, F. E.:Sample criteria for testing outlying observations. Ann. Mathem. Statitiscs 21: 27, 1950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, N., Sutherland, M. L.:Fluctuations in numbers of bacteria in soil. Can. J. Res. Sec. 18: 435, 1940.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, N., Sutherland, M. L.:Individual plot studies of variation in numbers of bacteria in soil. I. Response to cropping. Can. J. Res. Sec. 20: 435, 1942.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, N., Sutherland, M. L.:Individual plot studies of variation in numbers of bacteria in soil. II. The errors of the procedure. Can. J. Res. See. 20: 444, 1942.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, N., Sutherland, M. L.:Variation in numbers of bacteria in two plots. Can. J. Sec. 21: 119, 1943.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katznelson, H., Rouatt, J. W.:Studies on the incidence of certain physiological groups of bacteria in the rhizosphere. Can. J. Microbiol. 3: 265, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasilnikov, N. A.:Microbiological bases of bacterial fertilizing. Moscow 1945.

  • Krongaus, E. A.:Occurrence and reproduction of Azotobacter in the valuable black soil at the Shatilov State Selection Station. Microbiologie 25: 437, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurdina, R. M.:Azotobacter in the root system of agricultural plants. Izv. Acad. Sci. Kazakhskoi SSR, ser. biol. 12: 40, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loehhead, A. G.:Qualitative studies on soil microorganisms. III. Influence of plant growth on the character of the bacterial flora. Can. J. Res. Sec. 18: 42, 1940.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macura, J.:Seed and soil bacteria in relation to the rhizosphere effect. Fol. biol. (Praha) 4: 274, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Metz, H.:Untersuchungen über die Rhizosphäre. Arch. f. Mikrobiol. 23: 297, 1955.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Obrazcova, A. A.:The significance of phosphorus for the use of Azotobacter preparations. Tr. Gork. s.-eh. in-ta 6: 43, 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pochon, J., Barjac, H. de:Interactions entre la croissance des Azotobacter et celle du mais. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 94: 419, 1958.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rose, R. E., Miller, J. G.:Some sampling variations in soil fungal numbers. J. Gen. Microbiol. 10: 1, 1954.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rovira, A. D.:Plant root excretions in relation to the rhizosphere effect. II. A study of the properties of root exsudate and its effect on the growth of microorganisms isolated from the rhizosphere and control soil. Plant and Soil 7: 195, 1956.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rouatt, J. W., Katznelson, H.:The comparative growth of bacterial isolates from rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil. Can. J. Microbiol. 3: 271, 1957.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheffé, H.:A method for judging all contrasts in the analysis of variance. Biometrika 40: 87, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snedecor, G. W.:Statistical methods applied to experiments in agriculture and biology. Iowa 1956.

  • Starc, A.:Zur Frage der Rhizosphäre und Bodenimpfung mit Azotobacter. Arch. Mikrobiol. 13: 164, 1942.

    Google Scholar 

  • Timonin, I. M.:Azotobacter preparation (Azotogen) as a fertilizer for cultivated plants. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proceedings 13: 246, 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waksman, A. S.:Microbiological analysis of soil as an index of soil fertility. II. Methods of the study of numbers of microorganism in the soil. Soil. Sci. 14: 283, 1922.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waksman, A. S.:Microbiological analysis of soil as an index of soil fertility. III. Influence of fertilization upon numbers of microorganisms in the soil. Soil Sci. 14: 321, 1922.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zagallo, A. C, Kátznelson, H.:Metabolic activity of bacterial isolates from wheat rhizosphere and control soil. J. Baeteriol. 73: 760, 1957.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zinoveva. Ch. G.:Influence of the rhizosphere of some agricultural plants on Azotobacter. Mikrob. zhournal 12: 67, 1950; 13:21, 1951; 13:34, 1951; 16:3, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zinoveva, Ch. G., Tishchenko, G. M.:Methods of increasing the efficiency of Azotobacter when used in cultivating potatoes under conditions prevailing in the Ukrainian SSR. Mikrob. zhournal 18: 25, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

We wish to thank Mrs. A. Vávrová for technical assistance in the laboratory and field trials.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vančura, V., Macura, J., Fischer, O. et al. The relation ofAzotobacter to the root system of barley. Folia Microbiol 4, 119–129 (1959). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02928536

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02928536

Keywords

Navigation