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On the stainability of plant cell walls with alcian blue

K barvitelnosti stěn rostlinných buněk aleianovou modří

К вопросу окрашиваемости стенок растительных клеток альциановым синим

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

This work is a continuation of a communication on the stainability of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) root tip cells with alcian blue, published some time ago. Following the standard method of staining with alcian blue, the cell walls are very strongly stained, the nuclei (except nucleolus) lightly, the nucleolus and cytoplasm are practically colourless. The weak dyeing of the nucleus is not equal throughout the whole section so that the comparison of stainability of cell walls and nuclei by itself cannot explain the staining with alcian blue. The results of this work on the staining of cell walls (if not including model experiments and experiments in vitro, which are not considered as decisive here) can be summarized as follows: the pH dependence of staining, the loss of stainability as a result of pectinase digestion, blocking of staining by methylation and regeneration of stainability by demethylation and, finally, the impossibility of staining in the presence of NaCl lead to the conclusion that the staining of the material studied in this work is primarily caused by the salt linkage of alcian blue with the free carboxyls of pectic substances. From the comparison of staining with alcian blue and with other basic dyes it follows that in the case of alcian blue some other factors may also take part and are the reason for the selectivity and firmness (fastness) of the staining of cell walls with this dye. Otherwise, the staining of plant cell walls with alcian blue corresponds quite well to the staining of carboxyls containing polysaccharides of animal tissues with this dye. By staining with alcian blue it was found impossible to distinguish between younger and older cell walls within the meristem. However, this staining is suitable for routine use when studying the meristematic tissue. It is often possible to use solutions of a higher pH than generally used.

Abstract

Tato práce je pokračováním sdělení o barvitelnosti buněk kořenové špičky koňského bobuVicia faba L. alcianovou modří. Při standardním postupu se alcianovou modří barví buněčné stěny velmi silně, jádra jsou zbarvena slabě, cytoplasma a jadérko jsou prakticky bezbarvé. Slabé zbarvení jádra nadto kolísá, takže srovnání barvitelnosti buněčných stěn a barvitelnosti jader samo nemůže barvení alcianovou modří objasnit. Odhlédneme-li od modelových pokusů a od pokusů in vitro, jimž zde není přikládána rozhodující váha, lze výsledky našeho studia shrnout asi takto: Závislost barvení na pH, ztráta barvitelnosti působením pektinásy, blokáda barvení methylací a obnovení barvení demethylací a posléze znemožnění barvení účinkem NaCl vedou k závěru, že barvení buněčných stěn v materiálu, sledovaném v této práci, alcianovou modří, je působeno především solnou vazbou barviva s volnými karboxyly pektinových látek. Ze srovnání barvení alcianovou modří a jinými basickými barvivy vyplývá, že v případě alcianové modři se zřejmě uplatňují jiné faktory, odpovědné za selektivitu a pevnost zbarvení stěn tímto barvivem. Jinak barvení stěn rostlinných buněk alcianovou modří veelku dobře odpovídá barvení karboxyly chovajících polysacharidů v živočišných pletivech tímto barvivem. Barvením alcianovou modří se nepodařilo rozlišit mladší a starší buněčné stěny v meristemu. Nicméně je toto barvení vhodné k rutinnímu použití při studiu meristematických pletiv. Mnohdy lze zde s výhodou použít roztoků o pH vyšším než se běžně používá.

Abstract

Настоящее сообщение является продолжением исследования окрашивания клеток корневой верхушки конского бобаVicia faba Л. альциановым синим. При обычном процессе клеточные стенки окрашиваются альциановым синим очень сильно, ядра окрашены слабее, цитоплазма и ядрышко практически не окрашиваются совсем. Слабая окраска ядра кроме того колеблется, так что сравнение окрашиваемости клеточных стенок и ядер не может само по себе обьяснить окрашивание альциановым синим. Если не принимать во внимание модельные опыты и опыты in vitro, которые мы не считаем решающими, итоги наших исследований можно выразить следующим образом: аависимость окрашивания на pH, потеря окрашиваемости при воздействии пектиназой, блокада окрашивания метилированием и возобновление окрашиваемости деметилированием, потеря окрашиваемости под влиянием NaCl приводят к заключению, что окраска клеточных стенок в материале применяемом в настоящей работе основывается прежде всего на сольной связи красителя со свободными карбоксильными группами пектиновых веществ. Из сравнения окрашивания альциановым синим и другими основными красителями вытекает, что в случае альцианового синего очевидно играют роль и другие факторы ответственные за селективность и прочность окраски клеточных стенок этим красителем. Окрашивание стенок растительных клеток альциановым синим соответствует окрашию карбоксильные группы содержащих полисахаридов в животных тканях. Окрашиванием альциановым синим не удалось отличить молодые клеточные стенки от более старших в меристеме. Несмотря на то, это окрашивание является подходящим для применения при изучении меристематических тканей в обычных случаях. Во многих случаях выгодно применять растворы с более высоким pH чем нормально.

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Beneš, K. On the stainability of plant cell walls with alcian blue. Biol Plant 10, 334–346 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921018

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