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Effects of stage-matched repeated individual counseling on smoking cessation: A randomized controlled trial for the high-risk strategy by lifestyle modification (HISLIM) study

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Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine Aims and scope

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of stage-matched repeated individual behavioral counseling as an intervention for the cessation of smoking.

Methods

We conducted a multisite randomized controlled trial that enrolled smokers unselected for their readiness to quit. There were 979 smokers with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia recruited from 72 study sites and randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Smokers in the intervention group received stage-matched individual counseling consisting of a 40 minute initial session and four 20–30 minute follow-up sessions. Smokers in the control group received individual behavioral counseling for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia.

Results

The point prevalence abstinence rate at 6 months, validated by carbon monoxide testing, in the intervention group (13.6%) was 5.4 times higher (p<0.001) than that in the control group (2.5%). When the data were analyzed based on the baseline stage of change, there were significant differences in the abstinence rates at 6 months in smokers versus controls with each stage of change except in immotives. The odds ratio was 6.4 (p<0.001) in precontemplators, 6.7 (p<0.001) in contemplators, and 6.2 (p<0.01) in preparators. There was a positive, consistent effect of the intervention regardless of study site (worksite or community) or the presence of hypertension or hypercholesterolemia.

Conclusions

We showed the effects of an intervention with repeated individual behavioral counseling on the cessation of smoking in smokers unselected for their readiness to quit. This result suggests that stage-matched individual counseling, based on the transtheoretical model, is effective in smokers with a lower motivation to quit as well as those ready to quit.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Promotion and Education, Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion, 1-3-2 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, 537-0025, Osaka, Japan

    Masakazu Nakamura & Shizuko Masui

  2. Department of Cancer Control and Statistics, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka, Japan

    Akira Oshima

  3. Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan

    Akira Okayama

  4. Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shinga, Japan

    Hirotsugu Ueshima

Authors
  1. Masakazu Nakamura
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  2. Shizuko Masui
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  3. Akira Oshima
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  4. Akira Okayama
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  5. Hirotsugu Ueshima
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the HISLIM Research Group

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masakazu Nakamura.

Additional information

Investigators of the research group are listed in the final report of the Research on Long-Term Chronic Disease “Seikatsu Syukanbyo han” 1998, granted from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan

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Nakamura, M., Masui, S., Oshima, A. et al. Effects of stage-matched repeated individual counseling on smoking cessation: A randomized controlled trial for the high-risk strategy by lifestyle modification (HISLIM) study. Environ Health Prev Med 9, 152–160 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02898094

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02898094

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